Humboldt County Grand Jury
• 2024-2025
• Agency Response
Response to Grand Jury Report Report Title: Scales of Justice Out of Balance? Humboldt County Public Defender's Office
⚠️ Aviso de traducción: Este contenido ha sido traducido automáticamente. El texto original en inglés es la versión oficial. La traducción puede contener errores.
⚠️ Este contenido ha sido traducido automáticamente. El texto original en inglés es la versión oficial. La traducción puede contener errores.
Note: Missing finding numbers detected: F19
Findings and Recommendations 19 findings
F1
The Public Defender's Office consistently achieved successful outcomes in the majority of their cases in 2024, in spite of overwhelming caseloads and lack of resources. This reflects admirably on the office and builds a positive community perception of the Public Defender's Office. Agree.
No recommendations for this finding
F2
The Public Defender's Office staff is dedicated and committed to its mission which has inspired them to go above and beyond and, in the face of adverse circumstances, allow them to complete their mission. Agree. 2
No recommendations for this finding
F3
The Public Defender's Office has received few complaints from clients and only one time in the past three years has an attorney been removed from a case due to inadequate assistance of counsel establishing that they are competently and effectively serving their clients. Agree.
No recommendations for this finding
F4
The building in which the Public Defender's Office is housed is in poor condition and not well maintained. This presents health and safety risks, projects an unprofessional appearance, and negatively impacts staff morale. (R1) Partially agree. Humboldt County's Department of Public Works acknowledges the Public Defender's Office facility is aging. However, this facility is maintained according to requests made by the Public Defender's Office. Routine maintenance work at this facility is funded by the Public Defender's General Fund allocation. Larger projects are often paid by the Deferred Maintenance Fund, which receives an annual allocation from the General Fund, or those projects often are financed, which is paid back by the General Fund.
Related Recommendations (1)
R4
The Boord of Supervisors direct the Public Defender to remove the sign in the Public Defender's Conference Room that has political content be permanently removed by no later than October 1, 2025. {F6} This recommendation will not be implemented. This recommendation is unwarranted. As noted in the response to Finding 6, the Public Defender's Office conference room currently does not display any signage that could be considered "political" or in violation of county policy.
F5
The Public Defender's office does not provide adequate security, creating an unsafe work environment. (R2, R3) Partially agree. The Humboldt County Public Defender and Conflict Counsel offices do not have protective barriers between staff and the public or clients. However, staff in both offices report that safety concerns have been rare and do not consider either office to be an unsafe work environment.
Related Recommendations (1)
R5
has been implemented. Recommendations 15 and 16 will be implemented. Recommendations 1-4, 6-14 and 17-20 will not be implemented. Date: Oct. 21, 2025 Signed:{'s\r ' ....--�--/ Michelle Bushne , Humboldt County Board of Supervisors Number of pages attached: 12 COUNTY OF HUMBOLDT COUNTY ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICE 825 Fifth St. Room 112, Eureka, CA 95501 Telephone: 707-825-7266 Email: [email protected] INTEROFFICE MEMORANDUM TO: BOARD OF SUPERVISORS FROM: COUNTY ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICE SUBJECT: SEMPERVIRENS PSYCHIATRIC HEALTH FACILITY: A KEY SUPPORT SYSTEM FOR HUMBOLDT COUNTY DATE: TUESDAY, OCT. 21, 2025 In the Grand Jury Report, "Scales of Justice Out of Balance? Humboldt County Public Defender's Office," the Grand Jury has requested that the Board of Supervisors respond to Findings 1 through 20 and Recommendations 1 through 20. The County Administrative Office is proposing the following response as detailed below.
F6
There is a sign with political content in the Public Defender's Conference Room. This is a violation of the Humboldt County Policy. (R4) Disagree. The Chief Public Defender has confirmed that the Public Defender's Office conference room currently does not display any signage that could be considered "political" or in violation of county policy.
Related Recommendations (1)
R6
The Board of Supervisors approve and budget funds to reclassify the Public Defender and Conflict Counsel's Offices' Legal Secretaries to Administrative Analysts to be comparable to the District Attorney's Office where they ore classified as Analysts, effective no later thon July 1, 2026. (F8, F9, F17, F18,
F7
Low, non-competitive wages adversely affect recruitment and retention of attorneys in both the Public Defender's Office and the Conflict Counsel's Office. (RS) Partially agree. The County Attorneys Association in its recently executed MOU received a 15% increase in pay to improve recruitment and retention.
No recommendations for this finding
F8
District Attorney's Office support staff and investigators are paid far more than their counterparts at the Public Defender's Office and Conflict Counsel's Office. This lack of parity in pay disadvantages the Public Defender's Office in recruiting and retaining staff and adversely affects staff morale. (R6, R7) 3 Disagree. The staff in the Public Defender's Office are an integral piece of the criminal justice system. They are dedicated and consistently answer the call when it comes to providing services to their clients. The job classifications for staff in the District Attorney's Office are often different from those in the Public Defender's Office, as are their duties, responsibilities, and in some cases qualifications as well as the bargaining units that represent them. Due to the varied job classifications being used between departments the pay is different.
No recommendations for this finding
F9
District Attorney's Office support staff and investigators are paid far more than their counterparts at the Public Defender's Office and Conflict Counsel's Office. This gives an unfair advantage to the District Attorney's Office in terms of the resources available to attorneys and staff to do their job. (R6, R7) Partially agree. As stated in the response to Finding 8, the job classifications for staff in each office are different, which leads to differences in pay. While the Board agrees that the District Attorney's budget is higher than the Public Defender's, employee pay alone does not determine whether one office has an "unfair advantage" over another.
No recommendations for this finding
F10
Investigators in both the Public Defender's and Conflict Counsel's offices do not have a video camera or dashcams to document their work. This reduces effective surveillance, is insufficient and unsafe. (R8, R9) Partially agree. While the Board agrees that Public Defender and Conflict Counsel investigators do not have dashcams or video cameras to document their work, the investigators have confirmed that they do not want them and do not believe such equipment would be useful in their investigations.
Related Recommendations (1)
R10
The Public Defender write and implement a training policy and materials for newly hired attorneys and investigators by January 1, 2026. (F11}} This recommendation will not be implemented. This recommendation is not reasonable at this time. The Public Defender's office is committed to implementing comprehensive training for attorneys and investigators, but current heavy caseloads prevent senior staff from focusing on professional development. With increased staffing, the office could establish formal onboarding programs including week-long orientations covering essential skills like trial techniques, client communication, ethical obligations and facility procedures. New attorneys would benefit from supervision and second-chair support during their first trials, while investigators would receive training in interviewing, report writing and testimony under the guidance of a chief investigator who can properly assign and supervise cases. However, the county's current budget does not allow for additional staff for this purpose. Given Humboldt's remote location far from urban training centers, it would be ideal to provide additional travel and accommodation to attend multi-day conferences and seminars that provide substantive training that is unavailable through virtual formats. Ongoing training requirements will be integrated into annual performance evaluations for both attorneys and investigators, and in the event that additional funding and staff are available, the Public Defender could provide comprehensive investigator training policy within one year.
F11
There is little to no training for newly hired attorneys and investigators in the Public Defender's Office. This is an ineffective way to familiarize them with office, investigative and court procedures and practices. (R10) Partially agree. The Board agrees that the Public Defender's Office does not have a formal training program in place at this time. However, new attorneys and investigators shadow experienced staff until they can work independently. Attorneys complete annual continuing education funded by the department, while investigators attend Defense Investigator Academy Training and are encouraged to obtain certification as Defense Investigators.
No recommendations for this finding
F12
There is little supervision, oversight or management of investigators and their cases in the Public Defender's Office. This causes inefficiencies and morale issues. (Rll} Partially agree. While the Board partially agrees with this finding, it should be noted that investigators are supervised by the Chief Public Defender, who meets with them frequently.
No recommendations for this finding
F13
There is no permanent Social Worker position funded at either the Public Defender's Office or Conflict Counsel's Office. Funding is being diverted from other office budgets to temporarily fund these positions. This reduces the ability of both offices to meet all of their financial needs. (R12, R13) 4 Partially agree. The Social Worker positions in these offices are funded with grant and state and federal funding, not the General Fund. The funding should be utilized in a way that it covers the maximum allowable costs in order to preserve funding in the Public Defender and Conflict Counsel budgets.
No recommendations for this finding
F14
The Humboldt County Human Resources hiring application, review and selection process can take many months, which leads some applicants giving up and looking elsewhere. This negatively impacts the Public Defender's ability to fill positions, to be a competitive employer, and it burdens staff with more work covering cases until vacant positions can be filled. (R14) Partially agree. It should be noted that the Civil Grand Jury did not consult with the Humboldt County Department of Human Resources (HR) for input related to this report. This finding does not consider important elements. For instance, the average timeline from when HR receives a recruitment request from a department to when the department receives a list of qualified candidates is 65 days. After receiving the list, it is the department's responsibility to complete any remaining hiring steps, such as background checks, reference checks and additional interviews. This timeline can be significantly affected by the department's availability and participation in the process. HR staff consistently complete their portion of the process within the allotted timeframe. Delays and inconsistencies often occur when departmental staff are unable to move steps forward, due to factors outside of HR's control. While the Board acknowledges that the overall hiring process can sometimes take "many months," there are numerous examples across the county where proper planning and strong collaboration from departmental staff have allowed the process to move forward quickly and efficiently. The Public Defender's Office has confirmed that HR provides weekly updates on open positions. These updates include information on any applicants for that week and the details of their applications.
No recommendations for this finding
F15
There is no Policy and Procedures Manual for either the Public Defender's Office or the Conflict Counsel's Office. This impedes guidance to staff and continuity of services. (R15) Agree.
No recommendations for this finding
F16
Staff Performance Reviews for the Public Defender's Office attorneys, investigators and some support staff are not conducted with any regularity. This deprives staff af feedback, guidance, confirmation, commendation, and it denies them the documentation necessary to support recommendations for promotion, non-promotion or termination. (R16) Partially agree. Public Defender's Office staff receive annual performance reviews with their supervisors. While attorneys do not undergo a formal yearly evaluation, they meet regularly with their supervisors for ongoing feedback and guidance. 5
No recommendations for this finding
F17
Caseloads in both the Public Defender's Office and Conflict Counsel's Office ore dangerously high, exceeding recommended levels. This overburdens staff, causes occupational stress and increases the chances that the offices will lose valuable, experienced staff to burnout and addiction. {RS, R6, R7, R17, R18, R19, R20) Partially agree. Staff in the Public Defender's and Conflict Council's offices demonstrate deep passion for the work they do, and the county acknowledges that employees in both offices may experience high caseloads. It should be noted that there are resources available to all county employees in need of extra support through the county's Employee Assistance Program. This program provides support to staff facing a variety of challenges including but not limited to work, family, or finances. This is a free and anonymous resource for all staff in need of extra support.
Related Recommendations (1)
R17
The Board of Supervisors approve a policy permitting Emotional Support dogs in the Public Defender and Conflict Counsel's Offices until the County makes proactive counseling to prevent burnout and other stress relief available. This is to be completed by October 31, 2025. (Fl 7) This recommendation will not be implemented. The Board of Supervisors approved Humboldt County's service animal policy in 2017. This policy states, "no pets or animals, other than service animals or service 1 1 animals in training, are allowed in county facilities." Through this policy, individuals with disabilities may bring their service animals into all areas in county facilities where the public or program participants are allowed. The policy also states that service animals must always be under the control of their handler. Humboldt County's ADA Coordinator has confirmed that the county would currently handle requests for an emotional support animal in the workplace the same way the county handles any other ADA accommodation request from an employee. However, it is important to note the ADA only requires the county to provide reasonable accommodations to individuals with a qualified disability, if it does not cause undue hardship. The county is also required to engage in an interactive process with the employee making the request. Additionally, there are resources available to all county employees in need of extra support through the county's Employee Assistance Program. This program provides support to staff facing a variety of challenges including but not limited to work, family, or finances. This is a free and anonymous resource for all staff in need of extra support. That being said, the County Administrative Office's ADA Coordinator will partner with the Department of Human Resources to conduct research for the creation of a specific policy related to emotional support animals for employees in all county departments, in addition to making the necessary revisions to the service animal policy to ensure both policies are aligned.
F18
Caseloads in both the Public Defender's Office and Conflict Counsel's Office ore dangerously high, exceeding recommended levels. This puts justice, fairness, adequacy of representation and freedom at risk. {RS,
No recommendations for this finding
F20
There is not enough Conflict Counsel's Office staff to effectively defend clients. This increases caseloads and adds to staff burnout. {RS, R6, Rl, R20} Partially agree. As with Finding 19, the term "effectively" is at issue here. As mentioned previously, the Grand Jury's first finding in this report states, "the Public Defender's Office consistently achieved successful outcomes in the majority of their cases in 2024, in spite of overwhelming caseloads," and Finding 3 states that only once in the past three years has an attorney been removed for providing ineffective counsel. That said, the amount of staff in the Public Defender's Office is directly related to the amount of time that can be spent providing services to and for each client. 6
No recommendations for this finding