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Extracted from Consolidated Report

This investigation was originally published as part of a larger consolidated report containing multiple investigations. View the consolidated PDF for the complete document.

Shasta County Grand Jury • 2023-2024

Shasta County Grand Jury Final Report

Published: June 18, 2024 119 pages

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⚠️ Este contenido ha sido traducido automáticamente. El texto original en inglés es la versión oficial. La traducción puede contener errores.

Findings 10 findings

Reclassification of the Eligibility Worker 1 position to match the current complexity of the job is necessary to increase wages.

Increasing the wages of the Eligibility Worker 1 position to match the current complexity of the job would improve retention and lower vacancy rates.

Inadequate staffing leads to additional stress for the workers and delays services for clients.

The small training facility limits the number of trainees per class, which contributes to the insufficient number of new hires.

As a result of not tracking the cost of overtime or the loss of Eligibility Workers during training, the county is not able to calculate the investment lost every time a worker leaves.

REFERENCES NCCHC Standards for Health Services in Jails 2018 • Section: Health Promotion, Safety, and Disease Prevention: J-B-02 Infectious Disease Prevention and Control (E) NCCHC Standards for Health Services in Prisons 2018 • Section: Health Promotion, Safety, and Disease Prevention: P-B-02 Infectious Disease Prevention and Control (E) NCCHC Standards for Mental Health Services in Correctional Facilities 2015 • Section: Safety: MH-B-01 Infection Prevention and Control Program (E) IMQ Standards for Adult Detention Facilities 2013 • 310- Communicable Diseases (E) Title 15 Minimum Standards for Local Detention Facilities • §1206.5. Management of Communicable Diseases in a Custody Setting • §1208.5. Health Care Maintenance ACA Standards / 2016 Standards Supplement • 4-ALDF-4C-14 Communicable Disease and Infection Control Program (M) • 4-ALDF-4C-15 Communicable Disease and Infection Control Program - Tuberculosis • 4-ALDF-4C-16 Communicable Disease and Infection Control Program (M) - Hepatitis • 4-ALDF-4C-17 Communicable Disease and Infection Control Program (M) - HIV • 4-ALDF-4C-18 Communicable Disease and Infection Control Program (M) - Waste • 1-HC-1A-11 Communicable Disease and Infection Control Program (M) • 1-HC-1A-12 Communicable Disease and Infection Control Program - Tuberculosis This document contains confidential and proprietary information of Well path • Please refer to the electronic copy in PolicyTech or SharePoint for the latest version. • :.~ , .. Wellpath wellpath Shasta County California To hope and healing. Policies & Procedures TITLE: HCD-110_8-02 Infectious Disease Prevention and REFERENCE: 77153 Control --Shasta CA PAGE: 6 OF6 VERSION:4 • 1-HC-1A-13 Communicable Disease and Infection Control Program (M) - Hepatitis • 1-HC-1A-14 Communicable Disease and Infection Control Program (M) - HIV • 1-HC-1A-15 Communicable Disease and Infection Control Program (M) -Waste Wellpath Infection Control Manual This document contains confidential and proprietary information of Well path • Please refer to the electronic copy in PolicyTech or SharePoint for the latest version. •

REFERENCES NCCHC Standards for Health Services in Jails 2018 • Section: Health Promotion, Safety, and Disease Prevention: J-8-02 Infectious Disease Prevention and Control (E) NCCHC Standards for Health Services in Prisons 2018 • Section: Health Promotion, Safety, and Disease Prevention: P-8-02 Infectious Disease Prevention and Control (E) NCCHC Standards for Health Services in Juvenile Detention & Confinement Facilities 2022 • Section: Health Promotion, Safety, and Disease Prevention: Y-8-02 Infectious Disease Prevention and Control (E) ACA Standards / 2016 Standards Supplement • 4-ALDF-4C-14, 15, 16, 17, and 18 Communicable Disease and Infection Control Program • 3-JDF-4C-37 Infectious Diseases • 3-JDF-4C-38 Communicable Diseases • 4-JCF-4C-22 Communicable and Infectious Disease Management (M) • 4-JCF-4C-26 MRSA (M) This document contains confidential and proprietary information of Wellpath • Please refer to the electronic copy in PolicyTech or SharePoint for the latest version •

Process all contraband and weapons in accordance with the office's current evidence procedures.

If appropriate, complete a crime report and/or disciplinary report.

F10

Ensure the documentation is placed in the incarcerated person's file. A copy of the written authorization shall be retained and made available to the incarcerated person or other authorized representative upon request. 310.5.2 NEWLY ARRESTED DETAINEES TO BE HOUSED IN THE JAIL Newly arrested detainees who are unable to post bail or who do not qualify for own recognizance release and are classified for housing in the Main Jail may be subject to a strip search only under the following conditions: • The detainee was booked for an offense involving weapons, controlled substances or violence; • The detainee was booked under California Penal Code section 3056 or booked with a State Parole hold; • The detainee was booked under California Penal Code section 1203.2 and there are specific articulable facts (i.e. past criminal history), and/or current crime committed. • The detainee was booked on a charge other than a weapons offense, controlled substance, or violence; however, authorized jail staff determines that reasonable suspicion exists to conduct a strip search; Copyright Lexipol, LLC 2024/06/25, All Rights Reserved. Published with permission by Shasta County Sheriff's Office Contraband and Searches - 4

Recommendations 10

R1

The Shasta County Board of Supervisors approves and implements the existing reclassification proposal of the Eligibility Worker position
R2

The Shasta County Board of Supervisors establishes a permanent training center, large enough to supply a full contingent of new Eligibility Workers
R3

By June 30, 2025, the Shasta County Board of Supervisors conducts a cost analysis of overtime and attrition of the Eligibility Worker 1 position during training and during the first year of employment.
R4

By December 31, 2024, the Shasta County Sheriff-Coroner update the policies and enforce daily environmental cleaning of all surfaces in common areas and cells to reduce the spread of MRSA, and to regularly inspect and document the cleaning to ensure it was performed to standards. Response to R4: The recommendation will not be implemented because its neither waiTanted nor reasonable. As similarly outlined in the earlier response to F4, incarcerated individuals will maintain responsibility for cleanliness of their assigned cells due to safety and security reasons. However, a cleaning solution log will be created to identify when cleaning supplies are issued/received for each housing unit. This will enable a tracking system to identify and record what cleaning supplies enter and exit the housing units. Moving forward, our personnel will also monitor cleaning of the common areas and dayroom by making a log-entry in our Spillman Jail Management System (TMS) when those areas are cleaned by inmate work crews on a nightly basis. These additions will be added to our current policy and a training bulletin will be issued. RS. By December 31, 2024, the Shasta County Sheriff-Coroner direct Wellpath to provide in service training, preferably by a local physician with expertise in wound care, on standard practices for the prevention, assessment, treatment, and documentation of MRSA and MRSA skin and soft tissue infections. Response to RS: The recommendation has been implemented. In-service training will be provided to Wellpath staff on wound care, standard practices for prevention, assessment, treatment, documentation of MRSA and MRSA soft tissue infections. The in-service training will be conducted by Kelly A. Kynaston, DO and Matthew Miles, MD of Mercy Medical Center. At the time of this response, the date has not been determined; however, it will be completed by December 31, 2024. Additional Remarks: The Shasta County Sheriffs Office respects the Grand Jury's review of infectious disease control within the Shasta County Jail. The Grand Jury's review, review, constructive criticism, and suggestions for improvement are aimed at lowering the spread of contagious diseases in the jail. The revisions and implementations will better assist the offender population while making the Custody Division a safer place to work. Although the Sheriffs Office did not implement each recommendation, the Grand Jury's input helped improve the organization's service, efficiency, and future approach to mitigating the spread of infectious disease among the inmate population. Respectfully Submitted, Sheriff - Coroner 4 =-~ , .. Wellpath wellpatn Shasta County California To hope and healing. Policies & Procedures TITLE: HCD-110_8-02 Infectious Disease Prevention and REFERENCE: 77153 Control --Shasta CA PAGE: 1 OF 6 VERSION:4 APPROVER:~n~n.Damon SUPERSEDES: v.3 HCD-11 0_B-02 Infectious Disease Prevention and Control --Shasta CA EFFECTIVE: 11/11/2023 REVIEWED: 11/11/2023 PURPOSE This policy is intended to ensure that there is a comprehensive institutional program that includes surveillance, prevention, and control of communicable disease. 1. APPLICABILITY This policy applies to health care staff and other persons providing services at the request of Well path. 2. POLICY Wellpath will maintain an effective Infection Control program that focuses on the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of infectious and communicable diseases. The Infection Control Committee is a subcommittee of the CQI committee. Infection control issues, including recommendations to control and prevent the spread of infectious diseases, are addressed at the scheduled CQI Committee and Medical Audit Committee meetings. A multidisciplinary team that includes clinical, security, and administrative representation meets at least quarterly to review and discuss communicable disease and infection control activities and about confidentiality and special supervision. Special procedures, including the use of a translation service, ensure that patients who have difficulty communicating understand how to access health care services. Any special procedure used shall be documented in the health record to demonstrate effective communication. 3. INTERPRETATION/ RESPONSIBILITY This policy is to be interpreted by the Wellpath Chief Clinical Officer or designee, and it is the responsibility of the Responsible Health Authority or designee to ensure implementation and adherence. This document contains confidential and proprietary information of Well path. • Please refer to the electronic copy in PolicyTech or SharePoint for the latest version. • :.~ , .. Wellpath wellpath Shasta County California To hope and healrng. Policies & Procedures TITLE: HCD-110_8-02 Infectious Disease Prevention and REFERENCE: 77153 Control --Shasta CA PAGE: 2 OF6 VERSION:4 4. DEFINITIONS Health Care Staff - Qualified health care professionals as well as administrative and supportive staff (e.g. , health records administrators, laboratory technicians, nursing and medical assistants, and clerical workers) PPE - Personal Protective Equipment RHA/HSA - Responsible Health Authority / Health Services Administrator 5. PROCEDURE 5.1. Surveillance 5.1.1. The RHA/HSA ensures surveillance to detect patients with serious infections and communicable diseases is effective. 5.1 .2. Patients are screened for communicable diseases during any or all of the following: • Initial booking process / receiving screening • Health Assessment I communicable disease screening • Sick Call 5.1.3. All patients will receive a skin test for tuberculosis during the initial intake or within _14 __ days of admission to the facility. • If patient returns to custody of documented negative tuberculin test and negative symptom screen then repeat skin test may be deferred until the next annual screening is due 5.1.4. Tuberculosis testing will be repeated annually, at a minimum, for patients remaining in custody. 5.2. Control This document contains confidential and proprietary information of Wellpath • Please refer to the electronic copy in PolicyTech or SharePoint for the latest version. • :.~ , .. Wellpath wellpath Shasta County California To hope and heating. Policies & Procedures TITLE: HCD-110_8-02 Infectious Disease Prevention and REFERENCE: 77153 Control --Shasta CA PAGE: 3 OF6 VERSION:4 5.2.1. There is a written Exposure Control Plan approved by the Responsible Physician / Medical Director. The plan addresses the management of, at a minimum, tuberculosis, HIV, MRSA, sexually transmitted diseases, outbreaks of common respiratory and gastrointestinal disturbances and Hepatitis A, B, and C. The plan is reviewed and updated at least annually and is consistent with the current requirements and published guidelines of the Centers for Disease Control (CDC), the National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), and the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). 5.2.2. Patients found to have an infectious disease which has not been treated will either be seen and treated immediately by qualified health care staff or referred to the hospital emergency department. 5.2.3. If appropriate, patients with contagious diseases are segregated until a medical evaluation can be completed. 5.2.4. Patients requiring respiratory isolation are housed in a functional negative pressure room. • If the facility is equipped with negative air pressure rooms used to house patients requiring respiratory isolation, a procedure is followed to ensure daily checks of rooms are conducted. • For facilities not equipped with negative pressure rooms, the procedure requires transport to a community hospital where the patient can be appropriately isolated. 5.2.5. Effective ectoparasite control procedures are used to treat infected patients and disinfect bedding and clothing. The patient's bedding and clothing infected with ectoparasites are disinfected. Prescribed treatment is given to the infected patient and is ordered only by providers taking into account all conditions including pregnancy, open sores, and rashes. If the facility routinely delouses patients, only over-the-counter medications, such as those containing pyrethrin are used. 5.3. Prevention This document contains confidential and proprietary information of Wellpath • Please refer to the electronic copy in Policy Tech or SharePoint for the latest version. • :~ , .. Wellpath wellpath Shasta County California To hope and healing. Policies & Procedures TITLE: HCD-11 0_B-02 Infectious Disease Prevention and REFERENCE: 77153 Control --Shasta CA PAGE: 4 OF6 VERSION:4 5.3.1 . Patients are encouraged to utilize the daily sick call for any medical conditions which might appear contagious. 5.3.2. Immunizations are provided to prevent diseases when appropriate. 5.3.3. Standard Precautions, including but not limited to Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), are always used by health care staff to minimize the risk of exposure to blood and bodily fluids of potentially infected patients. Health care staff utilize needle safety devices during the course of their duties. 5.3.4. Training is provided annually on Bloodborne Pathogens and Standard Precautions. 5.3.5. The RHA/HSA or designee is the Infection Control Nurse who is responsible for maintaining proper record keeping and serving as an advisor in the area of infection control. 5.3.6. Appropriate medical, dental, and laboratory equipment/instruments are appropriately cleaned, decontaminated, and sterilized per applicable recommendations and/or regulations. 5.3. 7. Sharps and bio-hazardous wastes are disposed of properly on a routine basis. All Biohazard waste is properly stored and appropriately labeled per OSHA requirements. Functional, accessible, and visible sharps disposal containers are available. 5.3.8. All custodial, sanitation, and inmate workers are trained in appropriate methods for handling and disposing of biohazardous materials and spills. 5.4. Reporting 5.4.1 . Health care staff shall report all appropriate communicable diseases to the County Health Department in accordance with federal, state, and local laws and regulations. 5.4.2. The RHA/HSA or designee ensures there is analysis and trending of data specific to infection control issues and/or focus studies. 5.5. Discharge This document contains confidential and proprietary information of Well path • Please refer to the electronic copy in Policy Tech or SharePoint for the latest version. • :.~ , .. Wellpath wellpath Shasta County California To hope and healing. Policies & Procedures TITLE: HCD-11 0_B-02 Infectious Disease Prevention and REFERENCE: 77153 Control --Shasta CA PAGE: 5 OF6 VERSION:4 5.5.1. Health care staff work to ensure that patients who are released with communicable or infectious diseases are given community referrals. 5.6. Environmental Inspection 5.6.1. A monthly environmental inspection is conducted of areas where health services are provided to verify that: • Equipment is inspected and maintained • The unit is clean and sanitary • Measures are taken to ensure the unit is occupationally and environmentally safe 6.
R5

PROCEDURE 5.1. Surveillance 5.1.1. The RHA/HSA ensures surveillance to detect patients with serious infections and communicable diseases is effective. 5.1 .2. Patients are screened for communicable diseases during any or all of the following: • Initial booking process / receiving screening • Health Assessment I communicable disease screening • Sick Call 5.1.3. All patients will receive a skin test for tuberculosis during the initial intake or within _14 __ days of admission to the facility. • If patient returns to custody of documented negative tuberculin test and negative symptom screen then repeat skin test may be deferred until the next annual screening is due 5.1.4. Tuberculosis testing will be repeated annually, at a minimum, for patients remaining in custody. 5.2. Control This document contains confidential and proprietary information of Wellpath • Please refer to the electronic copy in PolicyTech or SharePoint for the latest version. • :.~ , .. Wellpath wellpath Shasta County California To hope and heating. Policies & Procedures TITLE: HCD-110_8-02 Infectious Disease Prevention and REFERENCE: 77153 Control --Shasta CA PAGE: 3 OF6 VERSION:4 5.2.1. There is a written Exposure Control Plan approved by the Responsible Physician / Medical Director. The plan addresses the management of, at a minimum, tuberculosis, HIV, MRSA, sexually transmitted diseases, outbreaks of common respiratory and gastrointestinal disturbances and Hepatitis A, B, and C. The plan is reviewed and updated at least annually and is consistent with the current requirements and published guidelines of the Centers for Disease Control (CDC), the National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), and the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). 5.2.2. Patients found to have an infectious disease which has not been treated will either be seen and treated immediately by qualified health care staff or referred to the hospital emergency department. 5.2.3. If appropriate, patients with contagious diseases are segregated until a medical evaluation can be completed. 5.2.4. Patients requiring respiratory isolation are housed in a functional negative pressure room. • If the facility is equipped with negative air pressure rooms used to house patients requiring respiratory isolation, a procedure is followed to ensure daily checks of rooms are conducted. • For facilities not equipped with negative pressure rooms, the procedure requires transport to a community hospital where the patient can be appropriately isolated. 5.2.5. Effective ectoparasite control procedures are used to treat infected patients and disinfect bedding and clothing. The patient's bedding and clothing infected with ectoparasites are disinfected. Prescribed treatment is given to the infected patient and is ordered only by providers taking into account all conditions including pregnancy, open sores, and rashes. If the facility routinely delouses patients, only over-the-counter medications, such as those containing pyrethrin are used. 5.3. Prevention This document contains confidential and proprietary information of Wellpath • Please refer to the electronic copy in Policy Tech or SharePoint for the latest version. • :~ , .. Wellpath wellpath Shasta County California To hope and healing. Policies & Procedures TITLE: HCD-11 0_B-02 Infectious Disease Prevention and REFERENCE: 77153 Control --Shasta CA PAGE: 4 OF6 VERSION:4 5.3.1 . Patients are encouraged to utilize the daily sick call for any medical conditions which might appear contagious. 5.3.2. Immunizations are provided to prevent diseases when appropriate. 5.3.3. Standard Precautions, including but not limited to Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), are always used by health care staff to minimize the risk of exposure to blood and bodily fluids of potentially infected patients. Health care staff utilize needle safety devices during the course of their duties. 5.3.4. Training is provided annually on Bloodborne Pathogens and Standard Precautions. 5.3.5. The RHA/HSA or designee is the Infection Control Nurse who is responsible for maintaining proper record keeping and serving as an advisor in the area of infection control. 5.3.6. Appropriate medical, dental, and laboratory equipment/instruments are appropriately cleaned, decontaminated, and sterilized per applicable recommendations and/or regulations. 5.3. 7. Sharps and bio-hazardous wastes are disposed of properly on a routine basis. All Biohazard waste is properly stored and appropriately labeled per OSHA requirements. Functional, accessible, and visible sharps disposal containers are available. 5.3.8. All custodial, sanitation, and inmate workers are trained in appropriate methods for handling and disposing of biohazardous materials and spills. 5.4. Reporting 5.4.1 . Health care staff shall report all appropriate communicable diseases to the County Health Department in accordance with federal, state, and local laws and regulations. 5.4.2. The RHA/HSA or designee ensures there is analysis and trending of data specific to infection control issues and/or focus studies. 5.5. Discharge This document contains confidential and proprietary information of Well path • Please refer to the electronic copy in Policy Tech or SharePoint for the latest version. • :.~ , .. Wellpath wellpath Shasta County California To hope and healing. Policies & Procedures TITLE: HCD-11 0_B-02 Infectious Disease Prevention and REFERENCE: 77153 Control --Shasta CA PAGE: 5 OF6 VERSION:4 5.5.1. Health care staff work to ensure that patients who are released with communicable or infectious diseases are given community referrals. 5.6. Environmental Inspection 5.6.1. A monthly environmental inspection is conducted of areas where health services are provided to verify that: • Equipment is inspected and maintained • The unit is clean and sanitary • Measures are taken to ensure the unit is occupationally and environmentally safe
R6

PROCEDURE 6.1. Clinicians are encouraged to consider MRSA in the differential diagnosis of skin and soft tissue infections (SSTls) compatible with S. aureus infections, especially those that are purulent (fluctuant or palpable fluid-filled cavity, yellow or white center, central point or "head," draining pus, or possible to aspirate pus with needle or syringe). A patient's presenting complaint of "spider bite" should raise suspicion of an S. aureus infection. Diagnosis 6.2. Diagnosis is confirmed through culture to identify Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. 6.3. Obtain the culture prior to starting any antibiotics. Treatment 6.4. Incision and drainage remains the primary therapy for purulent skin infections. Empiric antimicrobial coverage for MRSA may be warranted in addition to incision and drainage based on clinical assessment (e.g., presence of systemic symptoms, severe local symptoms, immune suppression, extremes of patient age, infections in a difficult to drain area, or lack of response to incision and drainage alone). 6.5. Antibiotic treatment, if indicated, shall be guided by the susceptibility profile of the organism. Obtaining specimens for culture and susceptibility testing is useful to guide therapy, particularly for those with more severe infections and those who fail to respond adequately to initial management. 6.6. MRSA skin infections can develop into more serious infections. It is important to discuss a follow-up plan with patients in case they develop systemic symptoms or worsening local symptoms, or if symptoms do not improve within 48 hours. This document contains confidential and proprietary information of Wellpath • Please refer to the electronic copy in Policy Tech or SharePoint for the latest version • =tt wellpatli Policies & Procedures To hope and healing. TITLE: IC-1 00_A-12 Control and Treatment of MRSA REFERENCE: 87384 CATEGORY: Clinical Manuals PAGE: 3 OF 5 VERSION: 2 APPROVER: Medical Director SUPERSEDES: v.1 IC-100_A-12 Control and Treatment of MRSA EFFECTIVE: 09/12/2023 REVIEWED: 09/12/2023 Prevention of the Spread of MRSA 6.7. Inmate Workers 6.7.1. Inmates with open wounds can continue to work if wounds are not draining and wounds can be adequately covered. However if work environment might cause wound dressings to become wet, another work environment will be recommended. Inmates with draining wounds will not be allowed to work in any setting. 6.8. Patients with infected wounds that can be adequately contained by dressings (Cellulitis, Infected pressure sores, Wound infections): 6.8.1 . Standard/Universal Precautions will be utilized, per Wellpath Infection Prevention and Control Program policy "A-02 Barrier Techniques for Reduction of Infection Risk". 6.8.2. Can share rooms with patients with medical or surgical conditions who have wounds contained by dressings or closed drainage systems and patients with uncontained wound infections with the same organism. 6.9. Patients with large major draining wounds that cannot be covered or adequately contained by dressing: 6.9.1. Contact Precautions will be utilized, per Wellpath Infection Prevention and Control Program policy "A-02 Barrier Techniques for Reduction of Infection Risk". 6.9.2. Private room or can share rooms with patients with wounds infected with the same organism. 6.10. Wounds, indwelling urinary catheters, sputum, etc., infected with resistant bacteria judged to be significant: 6.10.1. Contact precautions will be utilized, per Well path Infection Prevention and Control Program policy "A-02 Barrier Techniques for Reduction of Infection Risk". This document contains confidential and proprietary information of Wellpath • Please refer to the electronic copy in Policy Tech or SharePoint for the latest version • =.t wellpatli Policies & Procedures To hope and healing. TITLE: IC-100_A-12 Control and Treatment of MRSA REFERENCE: 87384 CATEGORY: Clinical Manuals PAGE: 4 OF 5 VERSION: 2 APPROVER: Medical Director SUPERSEDES: v.1 IC-100_A-12 Control and Treatment of MRSA EFFECTIVE: 09/12/2023 REVIEWED: 09/12/2023 6.10.2. Private room or can share room with roommate infected with the same organism for the duration of infection. Housekeeping 6.11 . Clean and disinfect surfaces. Use a disinfectant registered as effective against MRSA by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) or chlorine bleach solution with a concentration of 1000-5000 ppm (5-25 tablespoons of household bleach [5.25%] per gallon of water). 6.11 .1. Clean and disinfect all clinic areas and equipment between patients including but not limited to: exam tables, chairs, counters, and stethoscopes. 6.11.2. Clean and disinfect all high contact surfaces multiple times during the day including light switches, telephone handsets, radios, and door knobs. 6.11.3. Immediately clean and disinfect contaminated surfaces. 6.12. Wash laundry thoroughly. 6.12.1. Immediately remove and wash clothes or linens that may be contaminated with exudate from wounds. 6.12.2. Handle soiled items carefully without agitating them. 6.12. 3. Wear disposable gloves while handling soiled items and wash hands after. 6.12.4. Wash the items with detergent at the maximum available cycle and then machine dry. This document contains confidential and proprietary information of Wellpath • Please refer to the electronic copy in PolicyTech or SharePoint for the latest version • =.'M: wellpatli Policies & Procedures To hope and healing. TITLE: IC-100_A-12 Control and Treatment of MRSA REFERENCE: 87384 CATEGORY: Clinical Manuals PAGE: 5 OF 5 VERSION: 2 APPROVER: Medical Director SUPERSEDES: v.1 IC-100_A-12 Control and Treatment of MRSA EFFECTIVE: 09/12/2023 REVIEWED: 09/12/2023
R7

Other reliable information that the person possesses drugs, weapons, or contraband. (b) Except in the case of a medical emergency, no modified strip search or strip search of an incarcerated person shall be conducted prior to admittance to a housing unit without prior written authorization from the Watch Commander. (c) The staff member conducting the modified strip search or strip search shall:
R8

Process all contraband and weapons in accordance with the office's current evidence procedures.
R9

If appropriate, complete a crime report and/or disciplinary report.
R10

Ensure the documentation is placed in the incarcerated person's file. A copy of the written authorization shall be retained and made available to the incarcerated person or other authorized representative upon request. 310.5.2 NEWLY ARRESTED DETAINEES TO BE HOUSED IN THE JAIL Newly arrested detainees who are unable to post bail or who do not qualify for own recognizance release and are classified for housing in the Main Jail may be subject to a strip search only under the following conditions: • The detainee was booked for an offense involving weapons, controlled substances or violence; • The detainee was booked under California Penal Code section 3056 or booked with a State Parole hold; • The detainee was booked under California Penal Code section 1203.2 and there are specific articulable facts (i.e. past criminal history), and/or current crime committed. • The detainee was booked on a charge other than a weapons offense, controlled substance, or violence; however, authorized jail staff determines that reasonable suspicion exists to conduct a strip search; Copyright Lexipol, LLC 2024/06/25, All Rights Reserved. Published with permission by Shasta County Sheriff's Office Contraband and Searches - 4

Conclusions 1

CL1

"Sex" as used in Penal Code section 4030, subdivision (k) refers to the searched person's gender, including the person's gender identity and gender expression. 17-302 ANALYSIS Penal Code section 40301 governs strip searches, body cavity searches, and body scans conducted on prearraignment detainees, including specified minors, arrested for an infraction or misdemeanor.2 Subdivision (k) of the statute provides that any person (o ther than medical staff) who conducts, is present at, or is within sight of, the search, must be the "same sex" as the person being searched. We have been asked whether the term "sex," as used in subdivision (k), refers to the gender of the person searched, including the person's gender identity and gender expression. For the reasons that follow, we conclude that it does. Subdivision (k) states: (1) A person conducting or otherwise present or within sight of the inmate during a strip search or visual or physical body cavity search shall be of the same sex as the person being searched, except for physicians or licensed medical personnel. (2) A person within sight of the visual display of a body scanner depicting the body during a scan shall be of the same sex as the person being scanned, except for physicians or licensed medical personnel.3 To ascertain the Legislature's intent, we first look to the ordinary meaning of the words of the statute.4 Although section 4030 and case law do not define the term, we find that the word "sex" is consistently defined throughout the codes to mean "gender," and "gender'' is consistently defined to mean "sex" and includes "gender identity and gender expression."5 The Penal Code itself defines "gender" as "sex," including "gender identity and gender expression;" "gender expression" means "a person's gender-related appearance and behavior whether or not stereotypically associated with the person's assigned sex at 1 All subsequent undesignated section references are to the Penal Code. 2 Pen. Code, § 4030, subds. (b ), (k). 3 Pen. Code, § 4030, subd. (k). 4 Wilcox v. Birtwhistle (1999) 21 Cal.4th 973, 977; Pen. Code,§ 7, subd. (16). 5 E.g., Civ. Code, §§ 51, subd. (e)(5); Ed. Code, §§ 210.766260.7; Gov. Code, § 12926, subd. (r)(2); Ins. Code, §§ 10140, subd. (h); Pen. Code,§ 422.56, subd. (c). 2 17-302 birth. "6 This definition applies throughout the Penal Code "unless an explicit provision of law or the context clearly requires a different meaning."7 We find no contrary provision or context here. In addition, the legislative history of section 4030 strongly supports a conclusion that "sex" means "gender." Section 4030 has been amended twice since its enactment in 1984. 8 Legislative committee analyses of the first bill that amended the statute reveal an intent9 that "sex'' means "gender."10 The bill language, like the statute, sets forth a same sex search requirement, but the analyses invariably describe it as a "same-gender" search requirement: a person who conducts, is present, or within sight of the search must be the same gender as the person searched.11 As the committee analyses consistently interpret the term "sex" to mean "gender," we believe the intent for "sex" to mean "gender" is clear. And again, in the Penal Code, "gender" means "sex" and includes "gender identity and gender expression," unless clearly indicated otherwise. 12 6 Pen. Code,§ 422.57. 7 Pen. Code,§ 422.57. 8 Stats. 2016, ch. 162, § 1 (authorizing use of visual body scanner); Stats. 2015, ch. 464, § 1 (persons present during search ·include persons within view of search); Stats. 1984, ch. 35, § 2 (enacting Penal Code section 4030). 9 Southland Mechanical Constructors Co17J. v. Nixen (1981) 119 Cal.App.3d 417, 427 (c ommittee reports presumed to evidence legislative intent). w Neither the legislative history of section 4030 as enacted, nor that of the second bill. that amended the statute, shed light on the intended meaning of "sex.'' 11 See, e.g., Off. of Sen. Floor Analysis, 3d reading of Assem. Bill 303 (2015-2016 Reg. Sess.), August 31, 2015, p. 5 ("bill maintains the existing practice of permitting strip searches of inmates prior to them entering the general population and simply specifies that all persons within view of the search must also be of the same gender"); Sen. Comm. on Pub. Saf., analysis of Assem. Bill 303 (2015--2016 Reg. Sess.), June 9, 2015, p. 8 (same); Assem. Comm. on Approps., analysis of Assem. Bill 303 (2015-2016 Reg. Sess.), April 29, 2015, p. 2 ("bill mandates that these searches be conducted out of view of all persons not of the same gender as the person being searched"); Assem. Comm. on Pub. Saf., analysis of Assem. Bill 303 (2015-2016 Reg. Sess.), April 21, 2015, pp. 4-5 (describing bill as "small modification of existing law, which already requires that persons conducting strip searches of persons in police custody must be of the same gender as the person being searched," and explaining "bill simply specifies that all persons within view of the search must also be of the same gender"). 12 Pen. Code, §§ 422.56, subd. (c), 422.57. 3 17-302 Accordingly, we conclude that "sex'' as used in Penal Code section 4030, subdivision (k) refers to the searched person's gender, including the person's gender identity and gender expression. ***** 4 17-302 AUTHENTICATED ELECTRONIC LEGAL MATERIAL State of California PENAL CODE Section 4030 4030. (a) (1) The Legislature finds and declares that law enforcement policies and practices for conducting strip or body cavity searches of detained persons vary widely throughout California. Consequently, some people have been arbitrarily subjected to unnecessary strip and body cavity searches after arrests for minor misdemeanor and infraction offenses. Some present search practices violate state and federal constitutional rights to privacy and freedom from unreasonable searches and seizures. (2) It is the intent of the Legislature in enacting this section to protect the state and federal constitutional rights of the people of California by establishing a statewide policy strictly limiting strip and body cavity searches. (b) The provisions of this section shall apply only to prearraignment detainees arrested for infraction or misdemeanor offenses and to any minor detained prior to a detention hearing on the grounds that he or she is a person described in Section 300, 601, or 602 of the Welfare and Institutions Code alleged to have committed a misdemeanor or infraction offense. The provisions of this section shall not apply to a person in the custody of the Secretary of the Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation or the Director of the Division of Juvenile Justice in the Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation. (c) As used in this section the following definitions shall apply: (1) "Body cavity" only means the stomach or rectal cavity of a person, and vagina of a female person. (2) "Physical body cavity search" means physical intrusion into a body cavity for the purpose of discovering any object concealed in the body cavity. (3) "Strip search" means a search which requires a person to remove or arrange some or all of his or her clothing so as to permit a visual inspection of the underclothing, breasts, buttocks, or genitalia of such person. (4 ) "Visual body cavity search" means visual inspection of a body cavity. (d) (1) Notwithstanding any other law, including Section 40304.5 of the Vehicle Code, if a person is arrested and taken into custody, that person may be subjected to patdown searches, metal detector searches, body scanners, and thorough clothing searches in order to discover and retrieve concealed weapons and contraband substances prior to being placed in a booking cell. (2) An agency that utilizes a body scanner pursuant to this subdivision shall endeavor to avoid knowingly using a body scanner to scan a woman who is pregnant. ( e) A person arrested and held in custody on a misdemeanor or infraction offense, except those involving weapons, controlled substances, or violence, or a minor detained prior to a detention hearing on the grounds that he or she is a person described in Section 300,601, or 602 of the Welfare and Institutions Code, except for those minors alleged to have committed felonies or offenses involving weapons, controlled substances, or violence, shall not be subjected to a strip search or visual body cavity search prior to placement in the general jail population, unless a peace officer has determined there is reasonable suspicion, based on specific and articulable facts, to believe that person is concealing a weapon or contraband, and a strip search will result in the discovery of the weapon or contraband. A strip search or visual body cavity search, or both, shall not be conducted without the prior written authorization of the supervising officer on duty. The authorization shall include the specific and articulable facts and circumstances upon which the reasonable suspicion detennination was made by the supervisor. (f) (1) Except pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (2), a person arrested and held in custody on a misdemeanor or infraction offense not involving weapons, controlled substances, or violence, shall not be confined in the general jail population unless all of the following are true: (A) The person is not cited and released. (B) The person is not released on his or her own recognizance pursuant to Article 9 (c ommencing with Section 1318) of Chapter 1 of Title 10 of Part 2. (C) The person is not able to post bail within a reasonable time, not less than three hours. (2) A person shall not be housed in the general jail population prior to release pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (1) unless a documented emergency exists and there is no reasonable alternative to that placement. The person shall be placed in the general population only upon prior written authorization documenting the specific facts and circumstances of the emergency. The written authorization shall be signed by the uniformed supervisor of the facility or by a uniformed watch commander. A person confined in the general jail population pursuant to paragraph ( 1) shall retain all rights to release on citation, his or her own recognizance, or bail that were preempted as a consequence of the emergency. (g) A person arrested on a misdemeanor or infraction offense, or a minor described in subdivision (b ), shall not be subjected to a physical body cavity search except under the authority of a search warrant issued by a magistrate specifically authorizing the physical body cavity search. (h) A copy of the prior written authorization required by subdivisions (e ) and (f) and the search warrant required by subdivision (g) shall be placed in the agency's records and made available, on request, to the person searched or his or her authorized representative. With regard to a strip search or visual or physical body cavity search, the time, date, and place of the search, the name and sex of the person conducting the search, and a statement of the results of the search, including a list of items removed from the person searched, shall be recorded in the agency's records and made available, upon request, to the person searched or his or her authorized representative. (i) Persons conducting a strip search or a visual body cavity search shall not touch the breasts, buttocks, or genitalia of the person being searched. (j) A physical body cavity search shall be conducted under sanitary conditions, and only by a physician, nurse practitioner, registered nurse, licensed vocational nurse, or emergency medical technician Level II licensed to practice in this state. A physician engaged in providing health care to detainees and inmates of the facility may conduct physical body cavity searches. (k) (1) A person conducting or otherwise present or within sight of the inmate during a strip search or visual or physical body cavity search shall be of the same sex as the person being searched, except for physicians or licensed medical personnel. (2) A person within sight of the visual display of a body scanner depicting the body during a scan shall be of the same sex as the person being scanned, except for physicians or licensed medical personnel. ([) All strip, visual, and physical body cavity searches shall be conducted in an area of privacy so that the search cannot be observed by persons not participating in the search. Persons are considered to be participating in the search if their official duties relative to search procedure require them to be present at the time the search is conducted. (m) A person who knowingly and willfully authorizes or conducts a strip search or visual or physical body cavity search in violation of this section is guilty of a misdemeanor. (n) This section does not limit the common law or statutory rights of a person regarding an action for damages or injunctive relief, or preclude the prosecution under another law of a peace officer or other person who has violated this section. ( o) Any person who suffers damage or harm as a result of a violation of this section may bring a civil action to recover actual damages, or one thousand dollars ($1,000), whichever is greater. In addition, the court may, in its discretion, award punitive damages, equitable relief as it deems necessary and proper, and costs, including reasonable attorney's fees. (Amended by Stats. 2016, Ch. 162, Sec. I. (AB 1705) Effective January I, 2017.)

Commendations 2

CM1

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CM2

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