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Sonoma County Grand Jury • 2022-2023

Warming Centers County Action Needed Now

Published: June 12, 2023 21 pages
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Findings and Recommendations 13 findings

F1
The County failed in its critical role in protecting the health and safety of all unhoused people during severe cold weather emergencies during the winters of 2021-2022 and 2022-2023.
Related Recommendations (1)
R3
By September 30, 2023, the Board of Supervisors designates the County employee (as defined by the policy recommended in R1) who has the authority to declare a cold weather emergency that would initiate the opening of warming centers. (F1, F5, F11)
F2
Inadequate coordination between the various involved County agencies led to an inefficient and less effective response to cold weather emergencies that negatively affected the health and safety of unhoused people.
No recommendations for this finding
F3
At the time of this complaint (April 2022) and through the time of this report, the County failed to create formal policies and procedures to protect unhoused people during cold weather emergencies.
Related Recommendations (2)
R2
By September 30, 2023, the Board of Supervisors defines the parameters to be used to declare a cold weather emergency in the County, including assignment of responsibilities for declaring and communicating a cold weather emergency to the responsible departments. (F3, F11, F12)
R4
In order for the Board of Supervisors to make informed decisions regarding the need for warming centers, by September 30, 2023, the Board will direct staff (as defined by the policy recommended in R1) to collect data, including but not limited to: the number of individuals accessing warming centers throughout the county; the cost per day of operating warming centers throughout the county; the number of individuals denied access to warming centers because of a lack of capacity; the number of unhoused individuals who died from exposure to severe cold. (F3, F4, F8)
F4
Failure by the County, including the Board of Supervisors to plan and prepare in advance for warming centers during extreme weather emergencies, results in inefficient last- minute responses, leaving unhoused individuals exposed to severe cold.
Related Recommendations (2)
R4
In order for the Board of Supervisors to make informed decisions regarding the need for warming centers, by September 30, 2023, the Board will direct staff (as defined by the policy recommended in R1) to collect data, including but not limited to: the number of individuals accessing warming centers throughout the county; the cost per day of operating warming centers throughout the county; the number of individuals denied access to warming centers because of a lack of capacity; the number of unhoused individuals who died from exposure to severe cold. (F3, F4, F8)
R6
By December 31, 2023, the Board of Supervisors will direct staff to identify facilities within the unincorporated areas of the County that can be used as warming centers, and sign MOUs with the management of such facilities as necessary. (F4, F6)
F5
A lack of clear definition and understanding of the responsibilities of various County departments regarding the cold weather protection of unhoused people increases their health risks.
Related Recommendations (1)
R3
By September 30, 2023, the Board of Supervisors designates the County employee (as defined by the policy recommended in R1) who has the authority to declare a cold weather emergency that would initiate the opening of warming centers. (F1, F5, F11)
F6
A lack of identification of, and agreements with, warming facilities in advance of cold weather emergencies leads to a deficit of easily accessible spaces when those emergencies occur.
Related Recommendations (3)
R6
By December 31, 2023, the Board of Supervisors will direct staff to identify facilities within the unincorporated areas of the County that can be used as warming centers, and sign MOUs with the management of such facilities as necessary. (F4, F6)
R7
By September 30, 2023, the Board of Supervisors will direct the responsible department (as defined in the policy recommended in R1) to identify County facilities, including unused or underutilized facilities, that will be available to be used as warming centers for unhoused people in extreme cold weather. (F6)
R8
By September 30, 2023, the Board of Supervisors, in accordance with its adopted policy, will provide sufficient funding to support opening and maintaining warming centers during episodes of extreme cold weather emergencies. (F6, F8)
F7
Poor and inconsistent communication with unhoused people results in individuals needlessly remaining unsheltered during cold weather emergencies.
No recommendations for this finding
F8
Providing temporary shelter for unhoused people during weather emergencies does not receive the priority from the County to enable appropriate funding for staff, supplies, transportation, and other expenditures to meet this critical need.
Related Recommendations (2)
R4
In order for the Board of Supervisors to make informed decisions regarding the need for warming centers, by September 30, 2023, the Board will direct staff (as defined by the policy recommended in R1) to collect data, including but not limited to: the number of individuals accessing warming centers throughout the county; the cost per day of operating warming centers throughout the county; the number of individuals denied access to warming centers because of a lack of capacity; the number of unhoused individuals who died from exposure to severe cold. (F3, F4, F8)
R8
By September 30, 2023, the Board of Supervisors, in accordance with its adopted policy, will provide sufficient funding to support opening and maintaining warming centers during episodes of extreme cold weather emergencies. (F6, F8)
F9
At the time of the complaint and through the winter of 2022-2023, the County did not have a plan or strategy to overcome shelter resistance which resulted in many unhoused people remaining exposed to the elements during weather emergencies.
No recommendations for this finding
F10
By not protecting unhoused people during cold weather emergencies, the County has failed to adhere to its own Department of Health Services’ mission statement to “promote, protect, and ensure access to services to support the health, recovery, and well-being of all in Sonoma County.”
No recommendations for this finding
F11
At the time of the complaint and through the winter of 2022-2023 the County failed to assign responsibility to an agency or individual to declare that a cold weather emergency existed.
Related Recommendations (2)
R2
By September 30, 2023, the Board of Supervisors defines the parameters to be used to declare a cold weather emergency in the County, including assignment of responsibilities for declaring and communicating a cold weather emergency to the responsible departments. (F3, F11, F12)
R3
By September 30, 2023, the Board of Supervisors designates the County employee (as defined by the policy recommended in R1) who has the authority to declare a cold weather emergency that would initiate the opening of warming centers. (F1, F5, F11)
F12
At the time of the complaint and through the winter of 2022-2023, the County failed to consistently determine when the temperature and other weather conditions constituted a cold weather emergency.
Related Recommendations (1)
R2
By September 30, 2023, the Board of Supervisors defines the parameters to be used to declare a cold weather emergency in the County, including assignment of responsibilities for declaring and communicating a cold weather emergency to the responsible departments. (F3, F11, F12)
F13
The County failed to consistently collect and utilize data such as costs, staffing, facilities, and the number of unhoused individuals who took advantage of the limited number of warming centers in the County, which hinders the ability to plan for future cold weather emergencies.
No recommendations for this finding

Additional Recommendations 7

These recommendations are not explicitly linked to specific findings.

Conclusions 7

Agency Responses 1

Government agencies' official responses to this report's findings and recommendations. Click on a response to see the structured breakdown.

No Responses Found 2

Government entities assigned to respond to this report. No response documents have been linked in our database.

San Francisco Department of Emergency Management Agency
Sonoma County Board of Supervisors Elected County Office