Findings & Recommendations
12 findings
F1:
Siltation is continuing to decrease the storage capacity and the safe yield of Lake Cachuma as defined in United States Department of the Interior, Bureau of Reclamation, Cachuma Project, California, Contract Between the United States and Santa Barbara County Water Agency Providing for Water Service from the Project, 1995.
Related Recommendations (1)
R1:
That the safe yield from Lake Cachuma as defined in United States Department of the Interior, Bureau of Reclamation, Cachuma Project, California, Contract Between the United States and Santa Barbara County Water Agency Providing for Water Service from the Project, 1995, be recalculated and used in the new master contract between the United States Bureau of Reclamation and the Santa Barbara County Water Agency taking into account lost storage capacity due to siltation.
F2:
Downstream water rights are protected in the United States Department of the Interior, Bureau of Reclamation, Cachuma Project, California, Contract Between the United States and Santa Barbara County Water Agency Providing for Water Service from the Project, 1995 and must be considered when calculating the safe yield.
Related Recommendations (1)
R2:
That the new master contract between the United States Bureau of Reclamation and the Santa Barbara County Water Agency must continue to emphasize the importance of downstream water rights and be used in the calculations of the safe yield.
F3:
The United States Department of the Interior, Bureau of Reclamation, Cachuma Project, California, Contract Between the United States and Santa Barbara County Water Agency Providing for Water Service from the Project, 1995 was written prior to the 2000 National Marine Fisheries Service Biological Opinion and does not include the requirement to release water under the auspices of the Endangered Species Act.
Related Recommendations (2)
R3a:
That the new master contract between the United States Bureau of Reclamation and the Santa Barbara County Water Agency include the required water releases for the protection of fish habitat under the 2000 National Marine Fisheries Service Biological Opinion.
R3b:
That the new master contract between the United States Bureau of Reclamation and the Santa Barbara County Water Agency add language to include the amount of water that will be required to be released by the new Biological Opinion from the National Marine Fisheries Services when it is released.
F4:
The 2011-2016 drought is far worse than the “design drought” of 1947-1952 used in the United States Department of the Interior, Bureau of Reclamation, Cachuma Project, California, Contract Between the United States and Santa Barbara County Water Agency Providing for Water Service from the Project, 1995 for Lake Cachuma.
Related Recommendations (1)
R4:
That the new master contract between the United States Bureau of Reclamation and the Santa Barbara County Water Agency calculate new water entitlements for member units using the current 2011-2016 worst case drought as its “design drought”.
F5:
The United States Department of the Interior, Bureau of Reclamation, Cachuma Project, California, Contract Between the United States and Santa Barbara County Water Agency Providing for Water Service from the Project, 1995 extending from 1995 to 2020 (25 years) is too long a period and includes no review and revision clauses to recalculate the “safe yield” of the Cachuma Project.
Related Recommendations (2)
R5a:
That the term of the new contract between the United States Bureau of Reclamation and the Santa Barbara County Water Agency be less than 25 years in length.
R5b:
That the new contract between the United States Bureau of Reclamation and the Santa Barbara County Water Agency include periodic mandatory review and revision clauses on the order of every five or six years to recalculate the “safe yield” of Lake Cachuma and to make any other necessary contract changes.
F6:
Safe yield from Lake Cachuma in the current United States Department of the Interior, Bureau of Reclamation, Cachuma Project, California, Contract Between the United States and Santa Barbara County Water Agency Providing for Water Service from the Project, 1995 is based on a static volume per year.
Related Recommendations (1)
R6:
That the new master contract between the United States Bureau of Reclamation and the Santa Barbara County Water Agency include a new safe yield in Year One after Lake Cachuma spills, and, in subsequent years, use either a sliding scale or specify mandatory reductions.
F7:
The Montecito Water District does not have an updated Urban Water Management Plan.
Related Recommendations (1)
R7:
That the Montecito Water District update its Urban Water Management Plan.
F8:
Conservation policies and drought declarations differ from one member unit to another, possibly confusing water users.
Related Recommendations (2)
R8a:
That the member units, in conjunction with the Santa Barbara County Water Agency, create consistent policies and procedures that govern conservation efforts especially during times of a severe drought and that these are documented in the subcontracts between the Santa Barbara County Water Agency and the member units.
R8b:
That the policies and procedures in Recommendation 8a be announced to the community by all member units at the same time.
F9:
The City of Santa Barbara has started to rebuild its desalination facility and has been in intermittent discussions with the Montecito Water District on sharing use of the facility.
Related Recommendations (1)
R9:
That the City of Santa Barbara and the Montecito Water District continue discussions on options that could optimize the desalination facility as a regional one.
F10:
The Carpinteria Valley Water District no longer participates in the Cachuma Conservation Release Board yet continues to reap the benefits of negotiations paid for by the remaining agencies.
Related Recommendations (1)
R10:
That the Carpinteria Valley Water District, as a benefiting party, rejoin and participate in the Cachuma Conservation Release Board.
F11:
Member units approve new water service by issuing, can and will serve letters, intent to serve letters, water service availability documents, or other documents, without expiration dates to citizens and developers.
Related Recommendations (1)
R11:
That all member units include expiration dates for their water service approval documents.
F12:
Member units utilize can and will serve letters, intent to serve letters, water service availability documents, or other documents to grant new water service that are approved based on water availability during a “normal” year’s water supply.
Related Recommendations (1)
R12:
That member units change their policies to begin approving new water service on the water available during a “worst case” drought year.
Additional Recommendations
1
Not linked to specific findings.
R29-15:
reductions for urban water suppliers May 2015 Stage 2 Carpinteria Valley Water District Stage 3 City of Santa Barbara and Goleta Water District Sept 2015 Stage 2 Santa Ynez Water Conservation District ID No. Each stage of declared drought can mean something different at each water agency. Most drought stages set limits on outside water use. Unique among agencies enacting water use restrictions is the Montecito Water District. Rather than limiting water uses and adding a drought surcharge to water bills, which would compensate for some of the reduced revenue from decreased water use, MWD (in Ordinance 93) gave an allotment of water to each customer based on property size, enacted penalties for overuse, and added a moratorium on water service connections. Of concern to the Jury is the action taken by MWD, and the confusing message it sent to its customers with the passage of Ordinance 94, in March 2015. Ordinance 94 was enacted in response to a successful search to buy supplemental state water on the open market. In this ordinance, the MWD Board of Directors approved an increase in water allotments to their customers. This occurred just one month before the Governor of California enacted an unprecedented executive order for statewide mandatory water use reductions. Member units need to work together to send a clear message to their constituents, to reduce confusion and to emphasize the severity of the water shortages all residents are facing. Of benefit to the regional water community would be a consistent set of defined conservation measures that would be written into the subcontracts between the Agency and all member units, and that member units would enact within their jurisdictional areas in response to specific drought triggers. Regional Cooperation The Jury learned that during the previous drought period of 1986-1990, member units voluntarily agreed to a 20% decrease in their allotments when the Lake’s capacity reached 100,000 AF. A similar voluntary reduction was not agreed to by all members during the current drought. The Jury learned how such a decision is understandable. From the viewpoint of a water agency that has a diversified water portfolio, such as the Goleta Water District, it can opt to make decisions, based on financial reasons, to use up all of its allotment of inexpensive Lake water before dipping into its more expensive groundwater or State Project Water supplies, see Table 2. However, not all member units participating in the Cachuma Project are fortunate enough or have had the foresight to develop a diversified water portfolio. The member units that rely on surface water for up to 90% of their water supplies are more focused on keeping as much water in the Lake for as long as possible. The City of Santa Barbara has started to rebuild its desalination plant as one way to diversify its water supply. Montecito Water District relies almost exclusively (95%) on surface water with groundwater making up the remaining 5%. The Jury learned that Santa Barbara and Montecito are involved in discussions to participate as partners in the rebuilding of the City’s desalination plant. The Jury recommends that in light of regional cooperation, and obtaining a new reliable source of water for the South Coast, that these discussions continue. Cooperation among member units took a turn for the worse in 2011 when CCRB was transferred to COMB, which then began implementing the Fish Management Plan. When this happened, Santa Ynez ID No.1 lost some of their power in how the Fish Management Plan was implemented and has continuously objected to paying for their share of work they believe is outside the scope of the original fisheries Memorandum of Understanding and Biological Opinion. This conflict is beyond the scope of this report, but should be resolved within the existing organizational structure. At the same time, Carpinteria Valley Water District dropped out of CCRB for financial reasons. CCRB's activities are funded by its members, which in turn are funded by their water rate payers. Carpinteria stopped paying their share of CCRB’s operating costs while still retaining the benefits reaped from the advocacy activities of this group. This action has placed a greater financial burden on the other member units and their rate payers. Community Development Plans Control of growth within an area is, in part, the responsibility of planning and development departments. However, when a development is approved at the planning level, the developer is required to receive notification from the governing water agency in that area confirming that water is available to service the needs of the development. Each water agency does this in a slightly different way, whether through “Can and Will Serve” letters, “Intent to Serve” letters, or a similar document. The Jury learned that water agencies are loathe to be the limiting factor for development. However, they are the responsible agency when it comes to determining whether they have adequate water supplies to support the needs of their service areas. Until recently, developments continued to receive approval for water service. The Jury noted that most of these approvals have no expiration date. Documents issued by all member units that approve new water service must include language that limits the permit life. Developments that replace existing structures are approved with the understanding that water for the development is limited to the same amount as is being used under the existing structure. The Jury was told that in some cases, if low flow plumbing fixtures are installed and/or if landscaping is drought tolerant or restricted, water demand at the new development could be less than the existing demand. New construction is minimal in a city such as Santa Barbara that has little room for growth. However, in a newer city such as Goleta, new construction is taking place throughout the community. Citizens of Goleta continue to express their dismay within formal public arenas (such as newspapers, board meetings, and online chat websites) and less formally in casual conversations all over town, at the amount of development that is going on during the worst drought in history. The Jury learned that the Goleta Water District issues its “Can and Will Serve” letters on water resources they predict will be available during a normal weather year. No consideration is given to the possibility of having to supply water to an ever growing community when water shortages occur over many years. The result of this type of approval is that Goleta Water District residents are asked to pay more for water, perhaps at the expense of their quality of life. Future commitments for water service for all water agencies must be based on the water available under the worst case water supply scenario, not under what would be a “normal” year, as there does appear to be a “new normal” emerging. CONCLUSION The 2015-16 Santa Barbara County Grand Jury, made up of 19 citizens from throughout the County with a variety of backgrounds and a genuine interest in the operations of government within the County of Santa Barbara, found it difficult to unravel the complex web of water agencies, water contracts, water regulations, water purchases, water sales, water portfolios, and water management plans that are designed to supply a safe and secure water source to all people living on the South Coast. This report attempts to unravel portions of this web and to address those issues deemed most pressing and most able to be improved with a focus on the importance of Lake Cachuma. As the residents of the South Coast of Santa Barbara County come to terms with an ever limited supply of water for an ever growing community, the value of every drop of water has come to be appreciated. The Jury recommends that local water agencies work cooperatively to craft a new master contract with periodic mandatory review and revision clauses between the United States Bureau of Reclamation and the Santa Barbara County Water Agency for the operations of Lake Cachuma and include: the lost water storage capacity due to siltation, the increased demand for downstream habitat preservation, and the reality of more frequent multiyear droughts. The Jury also recommends that each member unit of the Cachuma Project improve their individual water portfolio and reassess their process of approving new water service in light of more limited water supply. For close to two centuries, providing a reliable and sufficient water supply to the residents and agriculture of Santa Barbara County has been a challenge. This challenge has been met year after year by sometimes contentious meetings as public officials try to come to terms with the stress of making sure their constituents have a safe and sufficient supply of water at a reasonable cost. Meeting this challenge in the future with the possibility of increasing multi-year droughts, will be ever more difficult. With the predicted population increase, the demands on this limited resource will also increase. Approximately 250,000 people, many without knowing it, are reliant on their local elected water officials and staff to work together to ensure that wherever they live in Santa Barbara County and regardless of their income, they will have enough water for their basic human needs. FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS Finding 1 Siltation is continuing to decrease the storage capacity and the safe yield of Lake Cachuma as defined in United States Department of the Interior, Bureau of Reclamation, Cachuma Project, California, Contract Between the United States and Santa Barbara County Water Agency Providing for Water Service from the Project, 1995. Recommendation 1 That the safe yield from Lake Cachuma as defined in United States Department of the Interior, Bureau of Reclamation, Cachuma Project, California, Contract Between the United States and Santa Barbara County Water Agency Providing for Water Service from the Project, 1995, be recalculated and used in the new master contract between the United States Bureau of Reclamation and the Santa Barbara County Water Agency taking into account lost storage capacity due to siltation. Finding 2 Downstream water rights are protected in the United States Department of the Interior, Bureau of Reclamation, Cachuma Project, California, Contract Between the United States and Santa Barbara County Water Agency Providing for Water Service from the Project, 1995 and must be considered when calculating the safe yield. Recommendation 2 That the new master contract between the United States Bureau of Reclamation and the Santa Barbara County Water Agency must continue to emphasize the importance of downstream water rights and be used in the calculations of the safe yield. Finding 3 The United States Department of the Interior, Bureau of Reclamation, Cachuma Project, California, Contract Between the United States and Santa Barbara County Water Agency Providing for Water Service from the Project, 1995 was written prior to the 2000 National Marine Fisheries Service Biological Opinion and does not include the requirement to release water under the auspices of the Endangered Species Act. Recommendation 3a That the new master contract between the United States Bureau of Reclamation and the Santa Barbara County Water Agency include the required water releases for the protection of fish habitat under the 2000 National Marine Fisheries Service Biological Opinion. Recommendation 3b That the new master contract between the United States Bureau of Reclamation and the Santa Barbara County Water Agency add language to include the amount of water that will be required to be released by the new Biological Opinion from the National Marine Fisheries Services when it is released. Finding 4 The 2011-2016 drought is far worse than the “design drought” of 1947-1952 used in the United States Department of the Interior, Bureau of Reclamation, Cachuma Project, California, Contract Between the United States and Santa Barbara County Water Agency Providing for Water Service from the Project, 1995 for Lake Cachuma. Recommendation 4 That the new master contract between the United States Bureau of Reclamation and the Santa Barbara County Water Agency calculate new water entitlements for member units using the current 2011-2016 worst case drought as its “design drought”. Finding 5 The United States Department of the Interior, Bureau of Reclamation, Cachuma Project, California, Contract Between the United States and Santa Barbara County Water Agency Providing for Water Service from the Project, 1995 extending from 1995 to 2020 (25 years) is too long a period and includes no review and revision clauses to recalculate the “safe yield” of the Cachuma Project. Recommendation 5a That the term of the new contract between the United States Bureau of Reclamation and the Santa Barbara County Water Agency be less than 25 years in length. Recommendation 5b That the new contract between the United States Bureau of Reclamation and the Santa Barbara County Water Agency include periodic mandatory review and revision clauses on the order of every five or six years to recalculate the “safe yield” of Lake Cachuma and to make any other necessary contract changes. Finding 6 Safe yield from Lake Cachuma in the current United States Department of the Interior, Bureau of Reclamation, Cachuma Project, California, Contract Between the United States and Santa Barbara County Water Agency Providing for Water Service from the Project, 1995 is based on a static volume per year. Recommendation 6 That the new master contract between the United States Bureau of Reclamation and the Santa Barbara County Water Agency include a new safe yield in Year One after Lake Cachuma spills, and, in subsequent years, use either a sliding scale or specify mandatory reductions. Finding 7 The Montecito Water District does not have an updated Urban Water Management Plan. Recommendation 7 That the Montecito Water District update its Urban Water Management Plan. Finding 8 Conservation policies and drought declarations differ from one member unit to another, possibly confusing water users. Recommendation 8a That the member units, in conjunction with the Santa Barbara County Water Agency, create consistent policies and procedures that govern conservation efforts especially during times of a severe drought and that these are documented in the subcontracts between the Santa Barbara County Water Agency and the member units. Recommendation 8b That the policies and procedures in Recommendation 8a be announced to the community by all member units at the same time. Finding 9 The City of Santa Barbara has started to rebuild its desalination facility and has been in intermittent discussions with the Montecito Water District on sharing use of the facility. Recommendation 9 That the City of Santa Barbara and the Montecito Water District continue discussions on options that could optimize the desalination facility as a regional one. Finding 10 The Carpinteria Valley Water District no longer participates in the Cachuma Conservation Release Board yet continues to reap the benefits of negotiations paid for by the remaining agencies. Recommendation 10 That the Carpinteria Valley Water District, as a benefiting party, rejoin and participate in the Cachuma Conservation Release Board. Finding 11 Member units approve new water service by issuing, can and will serve letters, intent to serve letters, water service availability documents, or other documents, without expiration dates to citizens and developers. Recommendation 11 That all member units include expiration dates for their water service approval documents. Finding 12 Member units utilize can and will serve letters, intent to serve letters, water service availability documents, or other documents to grant new water service that are approved based on water availability during a “normal” year’s water supply. Recommendation 12 That member units change their policies to begin approving new water service on the water available during a “worst case” drought year. REQUEST FOR RESPONSE Pursuant to California Penal Code Sections 933 and 933.05, the Jury requests each entity or individual named below to respond to the enumerated findings and recommendations within the specified statutory time limit: Santa Barbara County Board of Supervisors – 90 days Findings 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8 Recommendations 1, 2, 3, 4, 5a, 5b, 6, 8a, 8b Carpinteria Valley Water District Board of Directors – 90 days Findings 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 11, and 12 Recommendations 1, 2, 3, 4, 5a, 5b, 6, 8a, 8b, 10, 11, and 12 City of Santa Barbara City Council – 90 days Findings 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11, and 12 Recommendations 1, 2, 3, 4, 5a, 5b, 6, 8a, 8b, 9, 10, 11, and 12 Goleta Water District Board of Directors – 90 days Findings 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 11, and 12 Recommendations 1, 2, 3, 4, 5a, 5b, 6, 8a, 8b, 10, 11, and 12 Montecito Water District Board of Directors – 90 days Findings 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, and 12 Recommendations 1, 2, 3, 4, 5a, 5b, 6, 7, 8a, 8b, 9, 10, 11, and 12 Santa Ynez River Water Conservation District ID No. Board of Directors – 90 days Findings 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 11, and 12 Recommendations 1, 2, 3, 4, 5a, 5b, 6, 8a, 8b, 11, and 12