📋
Extracted from Consolidated Report
This investigation was originally published as part of a larger consolidated report containing multiple investigations. View the consolidated PDF for the complete document.
Santa Cruz County Grand Jury
• 2011-2012
Santa Cruz County Grand Jury 2011-2012 Final Report Page 13 Pathways for English Learners Giving Parents the Right
⚠️ Translation Notice: This content has been automatically translated. The original English text is the official version. Translation may contain errors.
⚠️ Este contenido ha sido traducido automáticamente. El texto original en inglés es la versión oficial. La traducción puede contener errores.
Findings 96 findings
F1
Page 33
The Title III Annual Measurable Achievement Objectives (AMAOs) for English Learner progress are complex, give little indication of how long it takes English Learners to become reclassified as fluent, and do not measure the effectiveness of individual English Learner programs.
F2
Page 33
Many parents and community members do not understand the various English Learner programs.
F3
Page 33
The English Learner program information is not readily accessible on district websites.
F4
Page 33
Two-Way Immersion programs are not widely available in Santa Cruz County.
F5
Page 33
Two-Way Immersion programs are beneficial to native English speakers who want to become fluent in multiple languages.
F6
Page 33
Portions of the descriptive material made available by the Pajaro Valley Unified School District describing the Dual-Language Immersion program are inconsistent or incomplete, which could be misleading to parents trying to decide on the best program for their children.
F7
Page 33
Collaboration and communication between Head Start and the elementary schools would be beneficial to English Learners making the transition to kindergarten.
F8
Parrish, Tom et al. 2006. “Effects of the Implementation of Proposition 227 on the Education of English Learners, K-12.” American Institutes for Research and WestEd, January 24. Accessed April 18, 2012. http://www.wested.org/online_pubs/227Reportb.pdf
F9
Slavin, Robert et al. 2010. “Reading and Language Outcomes of a Five-Year Randomized Evaluation of Transitional Bilingual Education.” John Hopkins University and Success for All Foundation, January. Accessed April 18, 2012. http://www.edweek.org/media/bilingual_pdf.pdf
F10
United States Health and Human Resources (Office of Head Start). “History of Head Start.” Accessed April 13, 2012. http://transition.acf.hhs.gov/programs/ohs/about/history-of-head-start
F11
United States Health and Human Resources (Office of Head Start). “Head Start Program Fact Sheet - Fiscal Year 2010.” Accessed April 13, 2012. http://www.acf.hhs.gov/programs/ohs/about/fy2010.html
F12
California Head Start. “Head Start/Early Head Start in California Data Report.” Accessed April 13, 2012. http://caheadstart.org/facts.html
F13
California Department of Education, “BRIDGES Newsletter.” Accessed April 13,
F14
California Department of Education (DataQuest), “Santa Cruz - Num. and Percent of Students Redesignated to FEP (with district data) - 2010-11.” Accessed April 25, 2012. http://data1.cde.ca.gov/dataquest/cbeds2.asp?cYear=2010- 11&Enroll=on&PctEL=on&PctFEP=on&PctRe=on&cChoice=CoProf2&TheCounty=44% 2CSANTA%25255ECRUZ
F15
California Department of Education (DataQuest), “Home Page.” Accessed April 25,
F16
CDE, EdSource and FCMAT (Ed-Data), “Home Page.” Accessed April 25, 2012. http://www.ed-data.k12.ca.us/Pages/Home.aspx
F17
CDE, EdSource and FCMAT (Ed-Data). “Pajaro Valley Unified - Profile of District - Students - 2010-11.” Accessed April 27, 2012. http://www.ed- data.k12.ca.us/App_Resx/EdDataClassic/fsTwoPanel.aspx?#!bottom=/_layouts/EdData Classic/profile.asp?tab=1&level=06&ReportNumber=16&County=44&fyr=1011&District= 69799
F18
CDE, EdSource and FCMAT (Ed-Data). “Santa Cruz Elementary - Profile of District - Students - 2010-11.” Accessed April 27, 2012. http://www.ed- data.k12.ca.us/App_Resx/EdDataClassic/fsTwoPanel.aspx?#!bottom=/_layouts/EdData Classic/profile.asp?tab=1&level=06&ReportNumber=16&County=44&fyr=1011&District= 69815
F19
CDE, EdSource and FCMAT (Ed-Data). “Santa Cruz High - Profile of District - Students - 2010-11.” Accessed April 27, 2012. http://www.ed- data.k12.ca.us/App_Resx/EdDataClassic/fsTwoPanel.aspx?#!bottom=/_layouts/EdData Classic/profile.asp?tab=1&level=06&ReportNumber=16&County=44&fyr=1011&District= 69823
F20
CDE, EdSource and FCMAT (Ed-Data). “Live Oak Elementary - Profile of District - Students - 2010-11.” Accessed April 27, 2012. http://www.ed- data.k12.ca.us/App_Resx/EdDataClassic/fsTwoPanel.aspx?#!bottom=/_layouts/EdData Classic/profile.asp?tab=1&level=06&ReportNumber=16&County=44&fyr=1011&District= 69765
F21
California Department of Education. 2011. “2011–12 CELDT Information Guide.” September. Accessed April 27, 2012. http://www.cde.ca.gov/ta/tg/el/documents/celdtinfoguide1112.pdf
F22
Bedolla, Lisa and Rodriguez, Rosaisela. 2011. “Classifying English Learners: Is the CELDT too blunt an instrument?" Center for Latino Policy Research, UC Berkeley. September 13. Accessed April 2, 2012. http://escholarship.org/uc/item/2m74v93d
F23
Olsen, Laurie. 2010. “Reparable Harm: Fulfilling the Unkept Promise of Educational Opportunity for California’s Long Term English Learners.” Californians Together. Accessed April 2, 2012. http://www.californianstogether.org/docs/download.aspx?fileId=227
F24
Education Week. 2011. “English-Language Learners.” June 16. Accessed April 2,
F25
Pajaro Valley Unified School District. 2008. “Master Plan for Services to English Learners.” June 25. Accessed April 2, 2012. http://www.pvusd.k12.ca.us/departments/English-Learner- Services/documents/Master_Plan_for_Services_to_English_Learners.pdf
F26
California Department of Education. 2012. “Facts about English Learners in California - CalEdFacts.” March 8. Accessed April 28, 2012. http://www.cde.ca.gov/ds/sd/cb/cefelfacts.asp
F27
California Department of Education. 2006. “English Learners in California Frequently Asked Questions.” August 21. Accessed April 28, 2012. http://www.cde.ca.gov/sp/el/er/documents/elfaq.doc
F28
Hunemorder, Rebecca. 2005. “Early-exit bilingual education.” Personal website. November 27. Accessed April 28, 2012. http://sitemaker.umich.edu/356.hunemorder/early-exit_bilingual_education
F29
Hunemorder, Rebecca. 2005. “Late-exit bilingual education.” Personal website. November 27. Accessed April 28, 2012. http://sitemaker.umich.edu/356.hunemorder/late-exit_bilingual_education
F30
Hunemorder, Rebecca. 2005. “Two-way bilingual education.” Personal website. November 27. Accessed April 28, 2012. http://sitemaker.umich.edu/356.hunemorder/two-way_bilingual_education
F31
California Department of Education. 2002. “Two-Way Bilingual Immersion: Improving Educational Opportunities for All Students.” January 11. Accessed May 12,
F32
California Department of Education. 2011. “2010-11 California TWBI Program Directory (spreadsheet).” November 7. Accessed April 28, 2012. http://www.cde.ca.gov/sp/el/ip/documents/twowaylist1011.xls
F33
Magee, Maureen. 2012. “Learning in multiple languages.” U-T San Diego. January
F34
Su, Eleanor. 2012. “Dual-language school programs growing in popularity.” U-T San Diego, March 22. Accessed April 28, 2012. http://www.utsandiego.com/news/2012/mar/22/dual-language-school-programs- growing-in-popularit/?page=1#article
F35
San Diego County Office of Education. 2010. “World Language Plan.” March 29. Accessed May 12, 2012. http://www.sdcoe.net/lret2/els/pdf/WLPlan_All_web.pdf
F36
Cuda-Kroen, Gretchen. 2011. “Being Bilingual May Boost Your Brain Power.” NPR, April 4. Accessed April 2, 2012. http://www.npr.org/2011/04/04/135043787/being- bilingual-may-boost-your-brain-power
F37
Jha, Alok. 2011. “Being bilingual may delay Alzheimer's and boost brain power.” The Guardian, February 18, 2011. Accessed May 12, 2012. http://www.guardian.co.uk/science/2011/feb/18/bilingual-alzheimers-brain-power- multitasking
F38
Kucher, Karen. 2011. “Chula Vista school’s turnaround turns heads.” U-T San Diego. November 21. Accessed May 12, 2012. http://www.4sd.signonsandiego.com/news/2011/nov/21/chula-vista-schools-turnaround- turns-heads/?ap&page=3
F39
California Department of Education. “2010–11 Title III Accountability Report Information Guide.” July 2011. Accessed April 28, 2012. http://www.cde.ca.gov/ta/ac/t3/documents/infoguide1011.pdf
F40
Superior Court of California for the City and County of San Francisco. 2005. “Case Number: CPF-05-505334 - Coachella Valley Unified School District ... vs State of California.” Filed June 1. Clause 38. Accessed April 28, 2012. http://www.californianstogether.org/docs/download.aspx?fileId=43
F41
California Department of Education. 2011. “Title III Accountability 101.” September
F42
U.S. Department of Education. 2010. “Title III Accountability: Behind the Numbers.” May. Accessed April 28, 2012. http://www2.ed.gov/rschstat/eval/title-iii/behind- numbers.pdf
F43
California Department of Education (DataQuest). “Pajaro Valley Unified - Title III Accountability Reports - 2010-11.” Accessed April 28, 2012. http://dq.cde.ca.gov/dataquest/t3/t3r.aspx?cds=44697990000000&yr=2010- 11&submit1=Submit
F44
California Department of Education (DataQuest). “Santa Cruz City Elementary - Title III Accountability Reports - 2010-11.” Accessed April 28, 2012. http://dq.cde.ca.gov/dataquest/t3/t3r.aspx?cds=44698150000000&yr=2010- 11&submit1=Submit
F45
California Department of Education (DataQuest). “Santa Cruz City High - Title III Accountability Reports - 2010-11.” Accessed April 28, 2012. http://dq.cde.ca.gov/dataquest/t3/t3r.aspx?cds=44698230000000&yr=2010- 11&submit1=Submit
F46
California Department of Education (DataQuest). “Live Oak Elementary - Title III Accountability Reports - 2010-11.” Accessed April 28, 2012. http://dq.cde.ca.gov/dataquest/t3/t3r.aspx?cds=44697650000000&yr=2010- 11&submit1=Submit
F47
California Department of Education. 2011. “2011 Adequate Yearly Progress Report Information Guide.” August. Accessed April 28, 2012. http://www.cde.ca.gov/ta/ac/ay/documents/aypinfoguide11.pdf
F48
California Department of Education. 2012. “Title III Accountability Update.” March
F49
California Department of Education (DataQuest). “Pajaro Valley Unified - English Learners by Language and Grade - 2010-11.” Accessed April 28, 2012. http://dq.cde.ca.gov/dataquest/LEPbyLang3.asp?cSelect=4469799-- PAJARO+VALLEY+UNIFIED&cChoice=LepbyLang3&cYear=2010- 11&cLevel=District&cTopic=LC&myTimeFrame=S&submit1=Submit
F50
California Department of Education (DataQuest). “Live Oak Elementary - English Learners by Language and Grade - 2010-11.” Accessed April 28, 2012. http://dq.cde.ca.gov/dataquest/LEPbyLang3.asp?cSelect=4469765-- LIVE+OAK+ELEMENTARY&cChoice=LepbyLang3&cYear=2010- 11&cLevel=District&cTopic=LC&myTimeFrame=S&submit1=Submit
F51
California Department of Education (DataQuest). “Santa Cruz City Elementary - English Learners by Language and Grade - 2010-11.” Accessed April 28, 2012. http://dq.cde.ca.gov/dataquest/LEPbyLang3.asp?cSelect=4469815-- SANTA+CRUZ+CITY+ELEMENTARY&cChoice=LepbyLang3&cYear=2010- 11&cLevel=District&cTopic=LC&myTimeFrame=S&submit1=Submit
F52
California Department of Education (DataQuest). “Santa Cruz City High - English Learners by Language and Grade - 2010-11.” Accessed April 28, 2012. http://dq.cde.ca.gov/dataquest/LEPbyLang3.asp?cSelect=4469823-- SANTA+CRUZ+CITY+HIGH&cChoice=LepbyLang3&cYear=2010- 11&cLevel=District&cTopic=LC&myTimeFrame=S&submit1=Submit
F53
Santa Cruz City Schools. 2012. “Expected Benchmarks Matrix for English Learners.” April 9.
F54
Hayward Unified School District. “Master Plan for English Language Learners.” Chapter 6. Accessed April 2, 2012. http://www.haywardell.org/chapters
F55
Santa Cruz County Office of Education. 2009. “All Succeed with Access to Preschool (ASAP) Plan.” June 30. Accessed April 28, 2012. http://www.santacruz.k12.ca.us/superintendent/asap.pdf
F56
California Department of Education (DataQuest). “Pajaro Valley Unified - English Only - STAR Test Results - 2011.” Accessed April 28, 2012. http://star.cde.ca.gov/star2011/ViewReport.aspx?ps=true&lstTestYear=2011&lstTestTy pe=C&lstCounty=44&lstDistrict=69799-000&lstSchool=&lstGroup=4&lstSubGroup=180
F57
California Department of Education (DataQuest). “Pajaro Valley Unified - RFEP - STAR Test Results - 2011.” Accessed April 28, 2012. http://star.cde.ca.gov/star2011/ViewReport.aspx?ps=true&lstTestYear=2011&lstTestTy pe=C&lstCounty=44&lstDistrict=69799-000&lstSchool=&lstGroup=4&lstSubGroup=8
F58
California Department of Education (DataQuest). “Pajaro Valley Unified - English Learner - STAR Test Results - 2011.” Accessed April 28, 2012. http://star.cde.ca.gov/star2011/ViewReport.aspx?ps=true&lstTestYear=2011&lstTestTy pe=C&lstCounty=44&lstDistrict=69799-000&lstSchool=&lstGroup=4&lstSubGroup=160
F59
California Department of Education (DataQuest). “Santa Cruz City Elementary - English Only - STAR Test Results - 2011.” Accessed April 28, 2012. http://star.cde.ca.gov/star2011/ViewReport.aspx?ps=true&lstTestYear=2011&lstTestTy pe=C&lstCounty=44&lstDistrict=69815-000&lstSchool=&lstGroup=4&lstSubGroup=180
F60
California Department of Education (DataQuest). “Santa Cruz City Elementary - RFEP - STAR Test Results - 2011.” Accessed April 28, 2012. http://star.cde.ca.gov/star2011/ViewReport.aspx?ps=true&lstTestYear=2011&lstTestTy pe=C&lstCounty=44&lstDistrict=69815-000&lstSchool=&lstGroup=4&lstSubGroup=8
F61
California Department of Education (DataQuest). “Santa Cruz City Elementary - English Learner - STAR Test Results - 2011.” Accessed April 28, 2012. http://star.cde.ca.gov/star2011/ViewReport.aspx?ps=true&lstTestYear=2011&lstTestTy pe=C&lstCounty=44&lstDistrict=69815-000&lstSchool=&lstGroup=4&lstSubGroup=160
F62
California Department of Education (DataQuest). “Santa Cruz City High - English Only - STAR Test Results - 2011.” Accessed April 28, 2012. http://star.cde.ca.gov/star2011/ViewReport.aspx?ps=true&lstTestYear=2011&lstTestTy pe=C&lstCounty=44&lstDistrict=69823-000&lstSchool=&lstGroup=4&lstSubGroup=180
F63
California Department of Education (DataQuest). “Santa Cruz City High - RFEP - STAR Test Results - 2011.” Accessed April 28, 2012. http://star.cde.ca.gov/star2011/ViewReport.aspx?ps=true&lstTestYear=2011&lstTestTy pe=C&lstCounty=44&lstDistrict=69823-000&lstSchool=&lstGroup=4&lstSubGroup=8
F64
California Department of Education (DataQuest). “Santa Cruz City High - English Learner - STAR Test Results - 2011.” Accessed April 28, 2012. http://star.cde.ca.gov/star2011/ViewReport.aspx?ps=true&lstTestYear=2011&lstTestTy pe=C&lstCounty=44&lstDistrict=69823-000&lstSchool=&lstGroup=4&lstSubGroup=160
F65
California Department of Education (DataQuest). “Live Oak Elementary - English Only - STAR Test Results - 2011.” Accessed April 28, 2012.
F66
California Department of Education (DataQuest). “Live Oak Elementary - RFEP - STAR Test Results - 2011.” Accessed April 28, 2012. http://star.cde.ca.gov/star2011/ViewReport.aspx?ps=true&lstTestYear=2011&lstTestTy pe=C&lstCounty=44&lstDistrict=69765-000&lstSchool=&lstGroup=4&lstSubGroup=8
F67
California Department of Education (DataQuest). “Live Oak Elementary - English Learner - STAR Test Results - 2011.” Accessed April 28, 2012. http://star.cde.ca.gov/star2011/ViewReport.aspx?ps=true&lstTestYear=2011&lstTestTy pe=C&lstCounty=44&lstDistrict=69765-000&lstSchool=&lstGroup=4&lstSubGroup=160
F68
California Department of Education (DataQuest). “Ceiba College Prep - Pajaro Valley Unified - English Learner - STAR Test Results - 2011.” Accessed May 25, 2012. http://star.cde.ca.gov/star2011/ViewReport.aspx?ps=true&lstTestYear=2011&lstTestTy pe=C&lstCounty=44&lstDistrict=69799- 000&lstSchool=0117804&lstGroup=4&lstSubGroup=160
F69
Beacon Education Network. “Ceiba Public Schools – Teachers.” Careers tab video. Accessed May 24, 2012. http://www.beaconed.org/
F70
California Department of Education. 2011. “2009-10 First Annual Report on Dropouts in California Using the California Longitudinal Pupil Achievement Data System (CALPADS) and Other Available Data.” Accessed April 2, 2012. http://www.cde.ca.gov/ds/sd/cb/documents/sbdropoutrpt911.doc
F71
California Department of Education (DataQuest). “Pajaro Valley Unified - Cohort Outcome Data for the Class of 2009-10.” Accessed April 28, 2012. http://dq.cde.ca.gov/dataquest/CohortRates/CRByProgram.aspx?Agg=D&Topic=Dropo uts&TheYear=2009-10&cds=44697990000000&RC=District&SubGroup=Ethnic/Racial
F72
California Department of Education (DataQuest). “Santa Cruz City High - Cohort Outcome Data for the Class of 2009-10.” Accessed April 28, 2012. http://dq.cde.ca.gov/dataquest/CohortRates/CRByProgram.aspx?Agg=D&Topic=Dropo uts&TheYear=2009-10&cds=44698230000000&RC=District&SubGroup=Ethnic/Racial
F73
California Department of Education (DataQuest). “Live Oak Elementary - Cohort Outcome Data for the Class of 2009-10.” Accessed April 28, 2012. http://dq.cde.ca.gov/dataquest/CohortRates/CRByProgram.aspx?Agg=D&Topic=Dropo uts&TheYear=2009-10&cds=44697650000000&RC=District&SubGroup=Ethnic/Racial
F74
Karoly, Lynn. 2007-2012. “California Preschool Study.” RAND. Accessed April 28,
F75
California State Auditor. 2005. “Department of Education: School Districts’ Inconsistent Identification and Redesignation of English Learners Cause Funding
F76
Norm Gold Associates. 2007. “Pajaro Valley Unified School District - English Learner Programs Evaluation - Final Report.” February 14. Accessed May 24, 2012. http://www.pvusd.k12.ca.us/Departments/English-Learner- Services/documents/PVUSDELPrgrmEvalFinalReport.pdf
F77
Santa Cruz Community Counseling Center. “Head Start.” Accessed May 24, 2012. http://www.scccc.org/child-and-family-development/head-start
F78
Santa Cruz Community Counseling Center. “Early Head Start.” Accessed May 24,
F79
Santa Cruz County Office of Education. “California Central Migrant Head Start web page.” Accessed May 24, 2012. http://www.santacruz.k12.ca.us/ed_services/migrant_headstart.html
F80
California Department of Education. “Title III Accountability Data Files - 2010-11 Research Files.” Accessed May 24, 2012. http://www.cde.ca.gov/ta/ac/t3/t3datafiles.asp
F81
U.S. Department of Education. “No Child Left Behind.” Accessed May 28, 2012. http://www2.ed.gov/nclb/overview/intro/execsumm.html
F82
California Department of Education. “Economic Impact Aid.” Accessed May 28,
F83
California Department of Education. “NCLB Title III, Immigrant and LEP Programs.” Accessed May 28, 2012. http://www.cde.ca.gov/fg/aa/ca/nclbtitleIII.asp
F84
California Department of Education. “No Child Left Behind: Title I, Pts. A & D & ARRA.” Accessed May 28, 2012. http://www.cde.ca.gov/fg/aa/ca/nclbtitlei.asp
F85
U.S. Department of Education. “No Child Left Behind, Accountability and Adequate Yearly Progress (AYP).” Accessed May 28, 2012. http://www2.ed.gov/admins/lead/account/ayp203/edlite-index.html
F86
California Department of Education. “Standardized Testing and Reporting (STAR) Results.” Accessed May 28, 2012. http://star.cde.ca.gov/
F87
California Department of Education. “California English Language Development Test (CELDT).” Accessed May 28, 2012. http://www.cde.ca.gov/ta/tg/el/
F88
California Department of Education. “District-level English Learner Advisory Committee.” Accessed May 28, 2012. http://www.cde.ca.gov/ta/cr/delac.asp
F89
California Department of Education. “English–Language Arts Content Standards for California Public Schools.” Accessed May 28, 2012. http://www.cde.ca.gov/be/st/ss/documents/elacontentstnds.pdf
F90
California Department of Education. “English Learner Advisory Committee.” Accessed May 28, 2012. http://www.cde.ca.gov/ta/cr/elac.asp
F91
California Department of Education. “English language development (ELD).” Accessed May 28, 2012. http://pubs.cde.ca.gov/tcsii/ch2/eld.aspx
F92
Hunemorder, Rebecca. 2005. “Content-based English as a Second Language.” Personal website. November 27. Accessed May 28, 2012. http://sitemaker.umich.edu/356.hunemorder/content-base_esl_
F93
California Department of Education. “Single Plan for Student Achievement.” Accessed May 28, 2012. http://www.cde.ca.gov/nclb/sr/le/singleplan.asp
F94
National Dual Language Consortium. “Types of Dual Language Programs.” Accessed June 2, 2012. http://www.dual-language.org/what_is1.htm
F95
California Department of Education. “Our Mission.” Accessed June 9, 2012. http://www.cde.ca.gov/index.asp
F96
California Department of Education. “Academic Performance Index (API).” Accessed May 28, 2012. http://www.cde.ca.gov/ta/ac/ap/ Resources ● Santa Cruz County Office of Education o Website: http://www.santacruz.k12.ca.us/ ● Pajaro Valley Unified School District ○ Website: http://www.pvusd.net/ ○ Archived website: http://www.pvusd.k12.ca.us/ ○ English Learners: http://www.pvusd.net/els ○ School Facts: http://pajarovalley.schoolwisepress.com/home/ ○ School improvement plans: http://www.pvusd.net/cms/page_view?d=x&piid=&vpid=1311502328844 ● Santa Cruz City Schools ○ Website: http://www.sccs.santacruz.k12.ca.us/ ○ English Learners: http://www.sccs.santacruz.k12.ca.us/education- services/academic-equity-and-categorical-programs.html ○ School facts: http://santacruzcity.schoolwisepress.com/home/
Recommendations 96
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R1Page 34Even though it is not mandated by the state, in order to monitor historical trends and validate improvements made to programs, districts should consider tracking long term English Learner results by program and make the information available on district websites for review by parents, the Board of Trustees, and the community. The data should track all English Learners and follow them until they leave the district. This longitudinal data would allow the following information to be published by instructional program: ● Time to Reclassification (RFEP) ● Long term achievement levels (from STAR testing) ● Long term achievement level “gap” between English Learners, RFEPs, and English Only ● High school graduation and dropout rates
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R2Page 34Districts should make the following information available on their English Learner web pages: ● An easy-to-understand description of the programs offered by the district, with
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R3Page 34Districts should consider starting or expanding Two-Way Bilingual Immersion programs.
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R4Page 34Information on Two-Way Bilingual Immersion programs should be made available to parents of English speakers.
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R5Page 34The next version of Pajaro Valley Unified School District’s pamphlets, slide sets, video, and websites should revise the Dual-Language Immersion information to: ● Use consistent terminology throughout the district. For example, the district refers to a “Dual-Language Immersion” program, and Alianza (which provides the program) calls it “Two-Way Bilingual Immersion.” ● Update the description of how the waiver process works, as applied to Alianza, to clarify that neither the annual waiver, nor the need for at least 20 approved waivers by parents, is applicable because of Alianza’s status as a charter school. ● The “English Learner Programs” pamphlet should more clearly distinguish the differences between Late-Exit “Developmental” Bilingual, and Two-Way Bilingual Immersion.
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R6Page 35The districts should develop agreements for collaboration with the appropriate Head Start agencies to better align and take advantage of the school readiness efforts of Head Start.
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R7Greene, Jay. 1998. “A Meta-Analysis of the Effectiveness of Bilingual Education.” The Thomas Rivera Policy Institute. March 2. Accessed March 18, 2012. http://www.hks.harvard.edu/pepg/PDF/Papers/biling.pdf
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R8Parrish, Tom et al. 2006. “Effects of the Implementation of Proposition 227 on the Education of English Learners, K-12.” American Institutes for Research and WestEd, January 24. Accessed April 18, 2012. http://www.wested.org/online_pubs/227Reportb.pdf
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R9Slavin, Robert et al. 2010. “Reading and Language Outcomes of a Five-Year Randomized Evaluation of Transitional Bilingual Education.” John Hopkins University and Success for All Foundation, January. Accessed April 18, 2012. http://www.edweek.org/media/bilingual_pdf.pdf
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R10United States Health and Human Resources (Office of Head Start). “History of Head Start.” Accessed April 13, 2012. http://transition.acf.hhs.gov/programs/ohs/about/history-of-head-start
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R11United States Health and Human Resources (Office of Head Start). “Head Start Program Fact Sheet - Fiscal Year 2010.” Accessed April 13, 2012. http://www.acf.hhs.gov/programs/ohs/about/fy2010.html
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R12California Head Start. “Head Start/Early Head Start in California Data Report.” Accessed April 13, 2012. http://caheadstart.org/facts.html
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R13California Department of Education, “BRIDGES Newsletter.” Accessed April 13,
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R14California Department of Education (DataQuest), “Santa Cruz - Num. and Percent of Students Redesignated to FEP (with district data) - 2010-11.” Accessed April 25, 2012. http://data1.cde.ca.gov/dataquest/cbeds2.asp?cYear=2010- 11&Enroll=on&PctEL=on&PctFEP=on&PctRe=on&cChoice=CoProf2&TheCounty=44% 2CSANTA%25255ECRUZ
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R15California Department of Education (DataQuest), “Home Page.” Accessed April 25,
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R16CDE, EdSource and FCMAT (Ed-Data), “Home Page.” Accessed April 25, 2012. http://www.ed-data.k12.ca.us/Pages/Home.aspx
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R17CDE, EdSource and FCMAT (Ed-Data). “Pajaro Valley Unified - Profile of District - Students - 2010-11.” Accessed April 27, 2012. http://www.ed- data.k12.ca.us/App_Resx/EdDataClassic/fsTwoPanel.aspx?#!bottom=/_layouts/EdData Classic/profile.asp?tab=1&level=06&ReportNumber=16&County=44&fyr=1011&District= 69799
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R18CDE, EdSource and FCMAT (Ed-Data). “Santa Cruz Elementary - Profile of District - Students - 2010-11.” Accessed April 27, 2012. http://www.ed- data.k12.ca.us/App_Resx/EdDataClassic/fsTwoPanel.aspx?#!bottom=/_layouts/EdData Classic/profile.asp?tab=1&level=06&ReportNumber=16&County=44&fyr=1011&District= 69815
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R22Bedolla, Lisa and Rodriguez, Rosaisela. 2011. “Classifying English Learners: Is the CELDT too blunt an instrument?" Center for Latino Policy Research, UC Berkeley. September 13. Accessed April 2, 2012. http://escholarship.org/uc/item/2m74v93d
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R36Cuda-Kroen, Gretchen. 2011. “Being Bilingual May Boost Your Brain Power.” NPR, April 4. Accessed April 2, 2012. http://www.npr.org/2011/04/04/135043787/being- bilingual-may-boost-your-brain-power
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R89California Department of Education. “English–Language Arts Content Standards for California Public Schools.” Accessed May 28, 2012. http://www.cde.ca.gov/be/st/ss/documents/elacontentstnds.pdf
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R94National Dual Language Consortium. “Types of Dual Language Programs.” Accessed June 2, 2012. http://www.dual-language.org/what_is1.htm
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R96California Department of Education. “Academic Performance Index (API).” Accessed May 28, 2012. http://www.cde.ca.gov/ta/ac/ap/ Resources ● Santa Cruz County Office of Education o Website: http://www.santacruz.k12.ca.us/ ● Pajaro Valley Unified School District ○ Website: http://www.pvusd.net/ ○ Archived website: http://www.pvusd.k12.ca.us/ ○ English Learners: http://www.pvusd.net/els ○ School Facts: http://pajarovalley.schoolwisepress.com/home/ ○ School improvement plans: http://www.pvusd.net/cms/page_view?d=x&piid=&vpid=1311502328844 ● Santa Cruz City Schools ○ Website: http://www.sccs.santacruz.k12.ca.us/ ○ English Learners: http://www.sccs.santacruz.k12.ca.us/education- services/academic-equity-and-categorical-programs.html ○ School facts: http://santacruzcity.schoolwisepress.com/home/